Exodus 8:28 · JPS 1917
(8-28) And Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also, and he did not let the people go.
Who acts: Pharaoh, people · What happens: harden, not let, go · To what, where: heart, people
This is Exodus 8:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pharaoh, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 8-28 | punct |
| 2 | 8-28 | 8-28 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 hardened | discourse |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 8-28 | punct |
| 4 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 hardened | cc |
| 5 | Pharaoh | Pharaoh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 hardened | nsubj |
| 6 | hardened | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 heart | nmod:poss |
| 8 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hardened | obj |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 time | det |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hardened | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | also | also | ADV | _ | 6 hardened | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 let | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 let | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 let | nsubj |
| 15 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 let | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 let | advmod |
| 17 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 hardened | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 people | det |
| 19 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 let | obj |
| 20 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 let | xcomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 hardened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | harden | past | Pharaoh | Pharaoh's heart | time | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | |||
| 2 | not let | past · do-support | Pharaoh | the people | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | infinitive | the people not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּכְבֵּ֤ד פַּרְעֹה֙ אֶת־לִבּ֔וֹ גַּ֖ם בַּפַּ֣עַם הַזֹּ֑את וְלֹ֥א שִׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָעָֽם׃פ
Exodus 8:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:234 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.234/