Exodus 9:19 · JPS 1917
Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'
Who acts: you, thou, hail, man · What happens: send, hasten, have, find, not bring, come down · To what, where: field, man
This is Exodus 9:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou, hail, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 send | advmod |
| 2 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 3 send | advmod |
| 3 | send | send | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 hasten | punct |
| 5 | hasten | hasten | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 send | conj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 cattle | case |
| 7 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 cattle | nmod:poss |
| 8 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hasten | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 all | cc |
| 10 | all | all | PRON | PronType=Tot | 8 cattle | conj |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 hast | obj |
| 12 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 13 hast | nsubj |
| 13 | hast | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 all | acl:relcl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 field | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 field | det |
| 16 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hast | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 man | punct |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 man | case |
| 19 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 man | det |
| 20 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 come | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 beast | cc |
| 22 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 man | conj |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 found | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 found | aux |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 found | aux:pass |
| 26 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 man | acl:relcl |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 field | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 field | det |
| 29 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 found | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 brought | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 brought | cc |
| 32 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 brought | aux |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 brought | advmod |
| 34 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 brought | aux:pass |
| 35 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 found | conj |
| 36 | home | home | ADV | _ | 35 brought | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 come | punct |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 hail | det |
| 39 | hail | hail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 come | nsubj |
| 40 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 come | aux |
| 41 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 send | parataxis |
| 42 | down | down | ADV | _ | 41 come | advmod |
| 43 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 44 them | case |
| 44 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 come | obl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 die | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 die | cc |
| 47 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 die | nsubj |
| 48 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 die | aux |
| 49 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 come | conj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 send | punct |
| 51 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 send | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- warn
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=warn
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | imperative | you not said here | now | therefore property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | hasten | infinitive | you not said here | in thy cattle | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cattle=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | have | present | thou | the field | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | ||||
| 4 | find | shall · passive | every man and beast | the field | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 5 | not bring | shall · passive | home property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together» | |||||
| 6 | come down | shall | the hail | for every man and beast; upon man; down property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | ||||
| 7 | die | shall | man | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁלַ֤ח הָעֵז֙ אֶֽת־מִקְנְךָ֔ וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְךָ֖ בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה כָּל־הָאָדָ֨ם וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִמָּצֵ֣א בַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְלֹ֤א יֵֽאָסֵף֙ הַבַּ֔יְתָה וְיָרַ֧ד עֲלֵהֶ֛ם הַבָּרָ֖ד וָמֵֽתוּ׃
Exodus 9:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:254 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.254/