Exodus 14:8 · JPS 1917
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel; for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.
Who acts: LORD, heart, children · What happens: harden, pursue, go out · To what, where: heart
This is Exodus 14:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, heart, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 hardened | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 LORD | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 hardened | nsubj |
| 4 | hardened | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 heart | det |
| 6 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hardened | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 king | case |
| 8 | Pharaoh | Pharaoh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 king | compound |
| 9 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heart | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Egypt | case |
| 11 | Egypt | Egypt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 king | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 pursued | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 pursued | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 pursued | nsubj |
| 15 | pursued | pursue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hardened | conj |
| 16 | after | after | ADP | _ | 18 children | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 children | det |
| 18 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 pursued | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Israel | case |
| 20 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 children | nmod |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 went | punct |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 went | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 children | det |
| 24 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 went | nsubj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Israel | case |
| 26 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 children | nmod |
| 27 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hardened | advcl |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 27 went | compound:prt |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 hand | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 hand | det |
| 31 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 hand | amod |
| 32 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hardened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | harden | past | the LORD | the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | ||||
| 2 | pursue | past | heart | after the children of Israel | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after child=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go out | past | the children of Israel | with a high hand | vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with hand=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יֹצְאִ֖ים בְּיָ֥ד רָמָֽה׃
Exodus 14:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:392 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.392/