Exodus 16:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the LORD.
Who acts: sun, This, LORD, morrow · What happens: say, be, speak · To what, where: that, solemn rest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Exodus 16:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, This, LORD, morrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 that | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 that | punct |
| 8 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 that | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 that | cop |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 said | ccomp |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 spoken | obj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 LORD | det |
| 13 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 spoken | nsubj |
| 14 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 spoken | aux |
| 15 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 that | acl:relcl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 rest | punct |
| 17 | To | to | ADP | _ | 19 morrow | case |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 morrow | punct |
| 19 | morrow | morrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 rest | nsubj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 rest | cop |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 rest | det |
| 22 | solemn | solemn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rest | amod |
| 23 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 that | parataxis |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 sabbath | punct |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 sabbath | det |
| 26 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 sabbath | amod |
| 27 | sabbath | sabbath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 rest | appos |
| 28 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 30 LORD | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 LORD | det |
| 30 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 sabbath | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | sun | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | This | that | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | present · perfect | the LORD | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | morrow | a solemn rest | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם ה֚וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבַּת־קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֖ה מָחָ֑ר אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאפ֞וּ אֵפ֗וּ וְאֵ֤ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף הַנִּ֧יחוּ לָכֶ֛ם לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת עַד־הַבֹּֽקֶר׃
Exodus 16:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the LORD.
- Bake that which ye will bake, and seethe that which ye will seethe; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:470 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.470/