Exodus 22:20 · JPS 1917
And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
Who acts: thou, ye · What happens: not wrong, oppress, be · To what, where: stranger, father, strangers, land
This is Exodus 22:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 wrong | cc |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 stranger | det |
| 3 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wrong | obj |
| 4 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 7 wrong | aux |
| 5 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 7 wrong | nsubj |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 wrong | advmod |
| 7 | wrong | wrong | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 oppress | punct |
| 9 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 12 oppress | cc |
| 10 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 12 oppress | aux |
| 11 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 oppress | nsubj |
| 12 | oppress | oppress | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 wrong | conj |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 oppress | obj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 strangers | punct |
| 15 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 strangers | mark |
| 16 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 strangers | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 strangers | cop |
| 18 | strangers | stranger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 wrong | advcl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 land | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 land | det |
| 21 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 strangers | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 Egypt | case |
| 23 | Egypt | Egypt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 land | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 wrong | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=request, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not wrong | shall | thou | a stranger | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | oppress | shall | thou | father | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | ye | strangers | the land of Egypt | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְגֵ֥ר לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
Exodus 22:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:636 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.636/