Genesis 42:38 · JPS 1917

And he said: 'My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he only is left; if harm befall him by the way in which ye go, then will ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave.

Who acts: Reuben, son, brother, harm, ye · What happens: say, not go down, be, leave, befall, go · To what, where: Reuben, way, gray hairs, grave · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Genesis 42:38 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reuben, son, brother, harm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 said	cc
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 go	punct
5	'	'	PUNCT	_	10 go	punct
6	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 son	nmod:poss
7	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 go	nsubj
8	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 go	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 go	advmod
10	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	ccomp
11	down	down	ADV	_	10 go	advmod
12	with	with	ADP	_	13 you	case
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 go	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 dead	punct
15	for	for	SCONJ	_	19 dead	mark
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 brother	nmod:poss
17	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 dead	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 dead	cop
19	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 said	ccomp
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 left	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 left	cc
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 left	nsubj:pass
23	only	only	ADV	_	25 left	advmod
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 left	aux:pass
25	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 dead	conj
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	42 bring	punct
27	if	if	SCONJ	_	29 befall	mark
28	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 befall	nsubj
29	befall	befall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	42 bring	advcl
30	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 befall	obj
31	by	by	ADP	_	33 way	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 way	det
33	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 befall	obl
34	in	in	ADP	_	35 which	case
35	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	37 go	obl
36	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	37 go	nsubj
37	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 way	acl:relcl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 befall	punct
39	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	42 bring	advmod
40	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 bring	aux
41	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	42 bring	nsubj
42	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	ccomp
43	down	down	ADV	_	42 bring	compound:prt
44	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 hairs	nmod:poss
45	gray	gray	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 hairs	amod
46	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 bring	obj
47	with	with	ADP	_	48 sorrow	case
48	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 bring	obl
49	to	to	ADP	_	51 grave	case
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 grave	det
51	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 bring	obl
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
polarity: neg
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Reuben					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not go down	shall	My son				with you; down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	is	present	Reuben's brother				dead property	tree rules
4	leave	present · passive		Reuben				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
5	befall a condition, not said to happen	infinitive	harm	Reuben			by the way	tree rules
6	go	present	ye		the way			vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in which=Location
7	bring down	future	ye	my gray hairs	the grave	then	with sorrow	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hair=Theme to grave=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹֽא־יֵרֵ֥ד בְּנִ֖י עִמָּכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־אָחִ֨יו מֵ֜ת וְה֧וּא לְבַדּ֣וֹ נִשְׁאָ֗ר וּקְרָאָ֤הוּ אָסוֹן֙ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וְהוֹרַדְתֶּ֧ם אֶת־שֵׂיבָתִ֛י בְּיָג֖וֹן שְׁאֽוֹלָה׃

Genesis 42:38: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1399 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1399/