Genesis 18:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
Then Sarah denied, saying: 'I laughed not'; for she was afraid.
Who acts: Sarah, I · What happens: deny, say, not laugh, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 18:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarah, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 denied | advmod |
| 2 | Sarah | Sarah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 denied | nsubj |
| 3 | denied | deny | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 saying | punct |
| 5 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 denied | advcl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 laughed | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 laughed | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 laughed | nsubj |
| 9 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saying | ccomp |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 laughed | advmod |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 laughed | punct |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 afraid | punct |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 16 afraid | mark |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 afraid | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 afraid | cop |
| 16 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 denied | advcl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 denied | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deny | past | Sarah | then | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | Sarah not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not laugh | past | I | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | Sarah | afraid property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַתְּכַחֵ֨שׁ שָׂרָ֧ה ׀ לֵאמֹ֛ר לֹ֥א צָחַ֖קְתִּי כִּ֣י ׀ יָרֵ֑אָה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ׀ לֹ֖א כִּ֥י צָחָֽקְתְּ׃
Genesis 18:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Then Sarah denied, saying: 'I laughed not'; for she was afraid.
- And He said: 'Nay; but thou didst laugh.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:456 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.456/