Leviticus 18:19 · JPS 1917
And thou shalt not approach unto a woman to uncover her nakedness, as long as she is impure by her uncleanness.
Who acts: thou, wife · What happens: not approach, uncover, be · To what, where: nakedness
This is Leviticus 18:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 approach | cc |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 approach | nsubj |
| 3 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 5 approach | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 approach | advmod |
| 5 | approach | approach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 8 woman | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 woman | det |
| 8 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 approach | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 uncover | mark |
| 10 | uncover | uncover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 approach | advcl |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 12 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 uncover | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 long | punct |
| 14 | as | as | ADV | _ | 15 long | advmod |
| 15 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 approach | advmod |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 impure | mark |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 impure | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 impure | cop |
| 19 | impure | impure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 approach | advcl |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 uncleanness | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 uncleanness | nmod:poss |
| 22 | uncleanness | uncleanness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 impure | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 approach | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not approach | shall | thou | unto a woman; long property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | uncover | to-infinitive | thou not said here | wife's nakedness | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | wife | by wife's uncleanness; impure property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאֶל־אִשָּׁ֖ה בְּנִדַּ֣ת טֻמְאָתָ֑הּ לֹ֣א תִקְרַ֔ב לְגַלּ֖וֹת עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃
Leviticus 18:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:530 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.530/