Numbers 22:28 · JPS 1917
And the LORD opened the mouth of the ass, and she said unto Balaam: 'What have I done unto thee, that thou hast smitten me these three times?'
Who acts: LORD, anger, I, thou · What happens: open, say, do, smite · To what, where: mouth, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Numbers 22:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, anger, I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 opened | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 LORD | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 opened | nsubj |
| 4 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 mouth | det |
| 6 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 opened | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 ass | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ass | det |
| 9 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mouth | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 said | cc |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 said | nsubj |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 opened | conj |
| 14 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 15 Balaam | case |
| 15 | Balaam | Balaam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | obl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 done | punct |
| 17 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 done | punct |
| 18 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 21 done | obj |
| 19 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 done | aux |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 done | nsubj |
| 21 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 said | ccomp |
| 22 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 23 thee | case |
| 23 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 done | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 smitten | punct |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 smitten | mark |
| 26 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 smitten | nsubj |
| 27 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 smitten | aux |
| 28 | smitten | smite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 done | advcl |
| 29 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 smitten | obj |
| 30 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 32 times | det |
| 31 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 times | nummod |
| 32 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 smitten | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 21 done | punct |
| 34 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 opened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=wh, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past | the LORD | the mouth of the ass | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mouth=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | anger | unto Balaam | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | do | present · perfect | I | unto thee | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | smite | present · perfect | thou | me | time | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּפְתַּ֥ח יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־פִּ֣י הָאָת֑וֹן וַתֹּ֤אמֶר לְבִלְעָם֙ מֶה־עָשִׂ֣יתִֽי לְךָ֔ כִּ֣י הִכִּיתַ֔נִי זֶ֖ה שָׁלֹ֥שׁ רְגָלִֽים׃
Numbers 22:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NUM:819 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.819/