Estonia, sentence 257

From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The first instance are county courts which handle all criminal and civil cases, and administrative courts which hear complaints about government and local officials, and other public disputes.

Who acts: first instance, county courts, administrative courts · What happens: be, handle, hear · To what, where: county courts, criminal cases, complaints

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first instance, county courts, administrative courts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 instance	det
2	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 instance	amod
3	instance	instance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 courts	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 courts	cop
5	county	county	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 courts	amod
6	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 handle	nsubj
8	handle	handle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 courts	acl:relcl
9	all	all	ADV	_	10 criminal	advmod
10	criminal	criminal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cases	amod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 civil	cc
12	civil	civil	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 criminal	conj
13	cases	case	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 handle	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 courts	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 courts	cc
16	administrative	administrative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 courts	amod
17	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 courts	conj
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 hear	nsubj
19	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 courts	acl:relcl
20	complaints	complaint	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 hear	obj
21	about	about	ADP	_	22 government	case
22	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 complaints	nmod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 officials	cc
24	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 officials	amod
25	officials	official	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 complaints	conj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 disputes	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 disputes	cc
28	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 disputes	amod
29	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 disputes	amod
30	disputes	dispute	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 courts	conj
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 courts	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the first instance	county courts and administrative courts and other public disputes		tree rules
2	handle	present	county courts and administrative courts and other public disputes	criminal cases		vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Theme
3	hear	present	administrative courts	complaints and local officials	about government	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer complaint=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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🌲 Estonia, sentence 257

The tree

Pragmatics

Estonia, sentence 257