Estonia, sentence 280
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Since 2015, the Estonian defence budget has been over 2% of GDP, fulfilling its NATO defence spending obligation.
Who acts: Estonian defence budget, budget · What happens: be, fulfil, obligate · To what, where: NATO spending obligation
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Estonian defence budget, budget), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | ADP | _ | 2 2015 | case |
| 2 | 2015 | 2015 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 2015 | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 budget | det |
| 5 | Estonian | Estonian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 budget | compound |
| 6 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 budget | compound |
| 7 | budget | budget | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 GDP | nsubj |
| 8 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 GDP | aux |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 GDP | cop |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 11 2 | advmod |
| 11 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 % | nummod |
| 12 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 14 GDP | compound |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 GDP | case |
| 14 | GDP | GDP | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 2015 | nmod:unmarked |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fulfilling | punct |
| 16 | fulfilling | fulfil | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 GDP | advcl |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 obligation | nmod:poss |
| 18 | NATO | NATO | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 obligation | compound |
| 19 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spending | compound |
| 20 | spending | spending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 obligation | compound |
| 21 | obligation | obligation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fulfilling | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 GDP | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | the Estonian defence budget | of % GDP | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fulfil | gerund | the Estonian defence budget not said here | budget's NATO spending obligation | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | obligate | budget | nom obligation «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/Estonia/280/