Estonia, sentence 368
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Despite stringent regulations, Estonian fish stocks face significant challenges, including habitat loss, overfishing, and decreased spawning areas.
Who acts: Estonian fish stocks, habitat loss · What happens: face, overfish, decrease, spawn · To what, where: significant challenges, areas
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Estonian fish stocks, habitat loss), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Despite | despite | ADP | _ | 3 regulations | case |
| 2 | stringent | stringent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 regulations | amod |
| 3 | regulations | regulation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 face | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 regulations | punct |
| 5 | Estonian | estonian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 stocks | amod |
| 6 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stocks | compound |
| 7 | stocks | stock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 face | nsubj |
| 8 | face | face | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | significant | significant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 challenges | amod |
| 10 | challenges | challenge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 face | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 loss | punct |
| 12 | including | including | ADP | _ | 14 loss | case |
| 13 | habitat | habitat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 loss | compound |
| 14 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 challenges | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 overfishing | punct |
| 16 | overfishing | overfish | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 loss | acl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 decreased | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 decreased | cc |
| 19 | decreased | decrease | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 face | conj |
| 20 | spawning | spawn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 decreased | xcomp |
| 21 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 spawning | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 face | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | face | present | Estonian fish stocks | significant challenges | despite stringent regulations; including habitat loss | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme challenge=Destination | |||
| 2 | overfish | gerund | habitat loss not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | decrease | past | Estonian fish stocks not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | spawn | gerund | Estonian fish stocks not said here | areas | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/Estonia/368/