Estonia, sentence 418
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Gini coefficient has held steadily higher than the EU average (31 in 2009), although it has dropped.
What happens: hold, drop · To what, where: Gini coefficient, coefficient
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 coefficient | det |
| 2 | Gini | gini | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 coefficient | amod |
| 3 | coefficient | coefficient | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 held | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 held | aux |
| 5 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | steadily | steadily | ADV | _ | 7 higher | advmod |
| 7 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 held | xcomp |
| 8 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 average | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 average | det |
| 10 | EU | EU | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 average | compound |
| 11 | average | average | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 higher | obl |
| 12 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 13 31 | punct |
| 13 | 31 | 31 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 average | appos |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 2009 | case |
| 15 | 2009 | 2009 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 31 | nmod |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 13 31 | punct |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 dropped | punct |
| 18 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 21 dropped | mark |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 dropped | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 dropped | aux |
| 21 | dropped | drop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 held | parataxis |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | present · perfect · passive | the Gini coefficient | high property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | drop | present · perfect · passive | coefficient | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Estonia/418/