Republic of the Congo, sentence 178

From Wikipedia, «Republic of the Congo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Public expenditure of the GDP was less in 2002–05 than in 1991.

Who acts: Public expenditure · What happens: be, expend · To what, where: 2002, GDP

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Republic of the Congo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Public expenditure), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 expenditure	amod
2	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 less	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 GDP	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 GDP	det
5	GDP	GDP	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 expenditure	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 less	cop
7	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 2002	case
9	2002	2002	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 less	obl
10	–	-	PUNCT	_	11 05	punct
11	05	05	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 less	obl
12	than	than	ADP	_	14 1991	case
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 1991	case
14	1991	1991	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 05	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 less	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Public expenditure of the GDP			2002		05 than 1991 obl; less property	tree rules
2	expend			the GDP					nom expenditure «possession transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Republic of the Congo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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