Bogotá, sentence 28
From Wikipedia, «Bogotá», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The civilization built by the Muisca, who settled in the valleys and fertile highlands of and surrounding the Altiplano Cundiboyacense (modern-day departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá and small parts of Santander), was one of the great civilizations in the Americas.
Who acts: civilization, surrounding · What happens: build, settle, surround, be · To what, where: civilization, valleys, Altiplano Cundiboyacense
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bogotá». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (civilization, surrounding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 civilization | det |
| 2 | civilization | civilization | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 settled | nsubj |
| 3 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 civilization | acl |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 Muisca | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Muisca | det |
| 6 | Muisca | Muisca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 built | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 settled | punct |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 settled | nsubj |
| 9 | settled | settle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 valleys | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 valleys | det |
| 12 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 settled | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 highlands | cc |
| 14 | fertile | fertile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 highlands | amod |
| 15 | highlands | highland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 valleys | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 one | case |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 one | cc |
| 18 | surrounding | surround | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 one | csubj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Cundiboyacense | det |
| 20 | Altiplano | Altiplano | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Cundiboyacense | compound |
| 21 | Cundiboyacense | Cundiboyacense | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 surrounding | obj |
| 22 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 departments | punct |
| 23 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 departments | amod |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 modern | punct |
| 25 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 departments | compound |
| 26 | departments | department | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 Cundiboyacense | conj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Cundinamarca | case |
| 28 | Cundinamarca | Cundinamarca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 departments | nmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Boyacá | cc |
| 30 | Boyacá | Boyacá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Cundinamarca | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 parts | cc |
| 32 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 parts | amod |
| 33 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 Cundinamarca | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Santander | case |
| 35 | Santander | Santander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 parts | nmod |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 Santander | punct |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Cundiboyacense | punct |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 one | cop |
| 39 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 highlands | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 civilizations | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 civilizations | det |
| 42 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 civilizations | amod |
| 43 | civilizations | civilization | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 one | nmod |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 Americas | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Americas | det |
| 46 | Americas | AMERICAS | PROPN | Number=Plur | 43 civilizations | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 settled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | participle | the civilization not said here | by the Muisca | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | settle | past | the civilization | the valleys and fertile highlands | who nsubj | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in valley=Location | |||
| 3 | surround | gerund | the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and modern day departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá and small parts of Santander | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cundiboyacense=Co-Theme | |||||
| 4 | is | past | surrounding | of one; of the great civilizations in the Americas | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bogotá», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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