Bucharest, sentence 106
From Wikipedia, «Bucharest», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Until recently, the regions surrounding Bucharest were largely rural, but after 1989, suburbs started to be built around Bucharest, in the surrounding Ilfov County.
Who acts: regions, suburbs · What happens: surround, be, start, build · To what, where: Bucharest
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bucharest». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (regions, suburbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Until | until | ADP | _ | 2 recently | case |
| 2 | recently | recently | ADV | _ | 10 rural | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 recently | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 regions | det |
| 5 | regions | region | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 rural | nsubj |
| 6 | surrounding | surround | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 regions | acl |
| 7 | Bucharest | Bucharest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 surrounding | obj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 rural | cop |
| 9 | largely | largely | ADV | _ | 10 rural | advmod |
| 10 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 started | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 started | cc |
| 13 | after | after | ADP | _ | 14 1989 | case |
| 14 | 1989 | 1989 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 started | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 1989 | punct |
| 16 | suburbs | suburb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 started | nsubj |
| 17 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 rural | parataxis |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 built | mark |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 built | aux:pass |
| 20 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 started | advcl |
| 21 | around | around | ADP | _ | 22 Bucharest | case |
| 22 | Bucharest | Bucharest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 built | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 County | punct |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 County | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 County | det |
| 26 | surrounding | surround | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 County | amod |
| 27 | Ilfov | Ilfov | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 County | compound |
| 28 | County | County | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 built | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 rural | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | surround | gerund | the regions not said here | Bucharest | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bucharest=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the regions | largely, rural property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | start | past | suburbs | after 1989 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | build | to-infinitive · passive | suburbs not said here | Bucharest | in the surrounding Ilfov County | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: in county=Attribute | |||
| 5 | surround | gerund | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bucharest», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bucharest/106/