Ireland, sentence 436
From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The latter part of the 19th century saw a rapid replacement of Irish by English.
Who acts: latter part · What happens: see, replace · To what, where: rapid replacement, Irish English
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (latter part), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 part | det |
| 2 | latter | latter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 part | amod |
| 3 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 century | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 century | det |
| 6 | 19th | 19th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 7 century | amod |
| 7 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 part | nmod |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 replacement | det |
| 10 | rapid | rapid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 replacement | amod |
| 11 | replacement | replacement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 English | case |
| 13 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 English | amod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 English | case |
| 15 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 replacement | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the latter part of the 19th century | a rapid replacement of Irish English | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer replacement=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | replace | Irish English | nom replacement «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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