Ireland, sentence 437
From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
By 1900, however, cultural nationalists had begun the Gaelic revival, which saw the beginnings of modern literature in Irish.
Who acts: cultural nationalists, Gaelic revival · What happens: begin, see · To what, where: Gaelic revival, beginnings, Irish, modern literature
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cultural nationalists, Gaelic revival), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 2 1900 | case |
| 2 | 1900 | 1900 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 begun | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 begun | punct |
| 4 | however | however | ADV | _ | 9 begun | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 however | punct |
| 6 | cultural | cultural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 nationalists | amod |
| 7 | nationalists | nationalist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 begun | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 begun | aux |
| 9 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 revival | det |
| 11 | Gaelic | gaelic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 revival | amod |
| 12 | revival | revival | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 begun | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 saw | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 saw | nsubj |
| 15 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 revival | acl:relcl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 beginnings | det |
| 17 | beginnings | beginning | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 saw | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 literature | case |
| 19 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 literature | amod |
| 20 | literature | literature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 beginnings | nmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 Irish | case |
| 22 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 saw | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 begun | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past · perfect | cultural nationalists | the Gaelic revival | by 1900; however property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revival=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | see | past | the Gaelic revival | the beginnings of modern literature | Irish | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer beginning=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | begin | modern literature | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ireland/437/