Mova0.5 pre-release⌕
☰
home / corpora / wikipedia / en / Kabul

Kabul · page 5

From Wikipedia, «Kabul», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

1 2 3 4 5

The table below shows the 22 city districts and their settlements, with information about its land size and usage, accurate as of 2011.[169]461

Internet-based participatory planning

In 2019, the Nagoya Institute of Technology, in partnership with the Kabul city Municipality, jointly agreed to deploy a digital platform, called D-Agree in urban planning to provide support for stakeholders to promote meaningful public participation and help reach consensus in Kabul city planning process.[170]462

From September 2019 until the Fall of Kabul (2021) in August 2021, the platform was used on behalf of Kabul Municipality to moderate more than 300 Kabul city-related planning discussions.[171][172] [173][174] [175][176] [177]463 In these discussions, more than 15,000 citizens participated in planning activities hosted by D-Agree and generated more than 71,000 opinions which catalogued into issue-based information system regarding urban-related thematic areas.[170]464 Despite the Taliban take-over, D-Agree will continue to play an important role in facilitating urban planning and infrastructure-related consultations.[178]465

In 2022, United Nations reported that D-Agree Afghanistan corpus is used as a digital and smart city solutions in Afghanistan.[170][179]466

D-Agree, is a discussion support platform with artificial intelligence–based facilitation.[180]467 The discussion trees in D-Agree, inspired by issue-based information system, contain a combination of four types of elements: issues, ideas, pros, and cons.[180]468 The software extracts a discussion's structure in real time based on IBIS, automatically classifying all the sentences.[180]469

Healthcare

Further information: Healthcare in Afghanistan

Healthcare in Afghanistan has improved in the last two decades.470 There are over 3,000 hospitals and clinics in the country,[181] with the more trusted ones being in Kabul.471

Education

Further information: Education in Afghanistan, List of schools in Kabul

The Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Higher Education are responsible for the education system in Afghanistan.488 Public and private schools exist in all parts of the city.489 High schools include:490

Universities

Universities include:501

Transportation

Further information: Transport in Afghanistan

Air

Kabul International Airport is located 25 km from the centre of Kabul.526 It is a hub to Ariana Afghan Airlines, the national carrier of Afghanistan, as well as private airlines such as Afghan Jet International, East Horizon Airlines, Kam Air, Pamir Airways, and Safi Airways.527 Regional airlines such as Etihad Airways, Flydubai, Mahan Air, Turkish Airlines and others also have regularly scheduled flights to the airport.528

Road

The AH76 highway (or Kabul-Charikar Highway) connects Kabul north towards Charikar, Pol-e Khomri and Mazar-i-Sharif (310 km away), with leading roads to Kunduz (250 km away).529 The AH77 highway goes west towards Bamiyan Province (150 km away) and Chaghcharan in the central mountains of Afghanistan.530 To the south-west, the Kabul-Ghazni Highway goes to Ghazni (130 km away) and Kandahar (460 km away).531 To the south, the Kabul-Gardez Highway connects it to Gardez (100 km away) and Khost.532 To the east, the Kabul-Jalalabad Highway goes to Jalalabad (120 km away) and ends at Torkham.533

Much of the road network in downtown Kabul consists of square or circle intersections (char-rahi).534 The main square in the city is Pashtunistan Square (named after Pashtunistan), which has a large fountain in it and is located adjacent to the presidential palace, the Central Bank, and other landmarks.[187]535 The Massoud Circle is located by the U.S. Embassy and has the road leading to the airport.536 In the old city, Sar-e Chawk roundabout is at the center of Maiwand Road (Jadayi Maiwand).537 Once all roads led to it, and in the 16th century was called the "navel of Kabul".[188]538 In the Shahr-e Naw district there are several major intersections: Ansari, Haji Yaqub, Quwayi Markaz, Sedarat, and Turabaz Khan.539 The latter, named after Turabaz Khan, connecting Flower Street and Chicken Street.540 There are also two major intersections in western Kabul: the Deh Mazang Circle and Kote Sangi.541 Salang Watt is the main road to the north-west, whereas Asamayi Watt and Seh Aqrab (also called Sevom Aqrab) is the main road to western Kabul.542

The steep population rise in the 21st century had caused major congestion problems for the city's roads.[189]543 In efforts to tackle this issue, a 95 km outer ring road costing $110 million was approved in 2017.[190][191]544 Construction took five years and it runs from Char Asiab via Ahmad Shah Baba Mina, Deh Sabz ("Kabul New City" development area), the AH76 highway, Paghman and back to Char Asyab.[192]545 A new bus public transport service was also planned to be opened in 2018 (see below).[193]546 In September 2017, the head of the Kabul Municipality announced that 286 meters of pedestrian overpass footbridges will be built in eight busy areas "in the near future".[194]547

Under the Kabul Urban Transport Efficiency Improvement Project that was signed in 2014 and backed by the World Bank, the city is seeing widespread improvements in road conditions, including the building of new pedestrian sidewalks, drainage systems, lighting and asphalted road surfaces.[195][196]548

Majority of vehicles driven in Kabul are made by Toyota.[197][198][199]549 Unregistered vehicles face impoundment by city officials.[200]550 The number of dealerships have increased from 77 in 2003 to over 550 by 2010.[201]551 Bicycles on the road are a common sight in the city.552

Public transport

Taxi in Kabul is painted turquoise and usually an older model Toyota Corolla.553 There are around 40,000 of them in the city.[202][203]554 The city's public bus service (Milli Bus / "National Bus") was established in the 1960s to take commuters on daily routes to many destinations.555 Long-distance road journeys are made by privately-owned Mercedes-Benz buses, which are available at Paitakht (Capital) bus terminal in the Sarai Shomali area of Khair Khana.556 Another bus terminal is at Dashte Barchi, which take passengers to southern and central areas of Afghanistan.557

An electric trolleybus system operated in Kabul from February 1979 to 1992 using Škoda fleet built by a Czechoslovak company.558 The trolleybus service was highly popular mainly due to its low price compared to the Millie Bus conventional bus service.559 The last trolleybus came to a halt in late 1992 due to warfare – much of the copper overhead wires were later looted but a few of them, including the steel poles, can still be seen in Kabul today.[146][204]560

In March 2021, a new city bus service was launched in Kabul using American vehicles built by IC Bus, and accompanied by newly built bus stops throughout the city.561 Five buses entered service on one route which is expected to be expanded to a fleet of 200 buses on 16 different routes.[205][206]562

Notable people

Rulers

Politicians

Religious figures

Musicians

Athletes

Actors and Actresses

Writers and poets

Journalists

Activists

Twin towns – sister cities

See also

List of cities in Afghanistan

List of rulers of Kabul

Timeline of Kabul

Further reading

Adamec, Ludwig W. (2012). "Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan". Scarecrow Press.

"Afghanistan Struggles to Preserve Rich Past Despite Ongoing War". The Canadian Press. 14 October 2007.

Hill, John E. (2009). Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd centuries CE. Charleston, South Carolina: BookSurge. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.

Parodi, Laura E. (2021). "Kabul, a Forgotten Mughal Capital: Gardens, City, and Court at the Turn of the Sixteenth Century". Muqarnas Online.

Romano, Amy (2003). "A Historical Atlas of Afghanistan". The Rosen Publishing Group.

Tang, Alisa (21 January 2008). "Kabul's Old City Getting Face Lift". The Boston Globe. Associated Press.

1 2 3 4 5

References

1. Bumiller, Elisabeth (17 October 2009). "Remembering Afghanistan's Golden Age". The New York Times.

2. Kohzad, Nilly. "Kabul Residents, Visitors Recall Capital's Golden Era Before Conflict". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

3. Hanifi, Shah Mahmoud. p. 185. Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier . Stanford University Press, 2011.

4. "Kabul Mayor Meets Residents of Various Districts to Address Their Concerns". Kabul Municipality.

5. "State of Afghan Cities report 2015 (Volume-I English)". UN-Habitat.

6. "Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2025-26". National Statistics and Information Authority. September 2025.

7. "Kabul". WordReference.com.

8. (no text)

9. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 1969.

10. English pronunciation: /ˈkɑːbəl/ KAH-bəl,[7] /ˈkɑːbʊl/ KAH-buul,[7][8] /ˈkɑːbuːl/ KAH-bool,[9] /kəˈbuːl/ kə-BOOL[7][8] or /kəˈbʊl/ kə-BUUL.[7]; کابل kɑˈbəl; کابل kʰɑːˈbʊ́l

11. "Kabul Municipality Divides City into 5 Zones". TOLOnews. 24 September 2025.

12. Nancy Hatch Dupree; Aḥmad ʻAlī Kuhzād (1972). "An Historical Guide to Kabul – The Story of Kabul". American International School of Kabul.

13. Beveridge, Annette Susannah (7 January 2014). "The Bābur-nāma in English, Memoirs of Bābur". Project Gutenberg.

14. Samrin, Farah (2005). "The City of Kabul Under the Mughals". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress.

15. "Afghan King Overthrown; A Republic Is Proclaimed". The New York Times. 18 July 1973.

16. Dateline Mongolia: An American Journalist in Nomad's Land by Michael Kohn

17. "'Mein Kabul': ORF-Reporterlegende Fritz Orter präsentiert im 'Weltjournal' 'seine Stadt' – am 31. August um 22.30 Uhr in ORF 2". Austria Press Agency.

18. "Taliban Peace Talks in Afghanistan". 28 May 2019.

19. Kakar, M. Hassan (2008). "Kabul". Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World. Oxford University Press.

20. "Kabul". Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. Oxford University Press. 2020.

21. Adamec, p.231

22. Nancy Hatch Dupree / Aḥmad ʻAlī Kuhzād (1972). "An Historical Guide to Kabul – The Name". American International School of Kabul.

23. del Castillo, Graciana (2 April 2014). "Guilty Party: The International Community in Afghanistan". Xlibris Corporation.

24. Emadi, Hafizullah (2005). "Culture and Customs of Afghanistan". Greenwood Publishing Group.

25. Marsden, Peter (15 September 1998). "The Taliban: War, Religion and the New Order in Afghanistan". Palgrave Macmillan.

26. Ring, Trudy (1994). "International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania". Taylor & Francis.

27. Runion, Meredith L. (2007). "The History of Afghanistan". Greenwood Publishing Group.

28. Romano, p.12

29. Snelling, John (31 August 2011). "The Buddhist Handbook: A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice". Random House.

30. Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor (1987). "E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936". BRILL.

31. Dupree, Louis (14 July 2014). "Afghanistan". Princeton University Press.

32. Mookerji, Radhakumud (1966). "Chandragupta Maurya and his times". Motilal Banarsidass Publ.

33. "A.—The Hindu Kings of Kábul (p.2)". Sir H. M. Elliot. Packard Humanities Institute. 1867–1877.

34. Hill, John E. 2004. The Peoples of the West from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢*: A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 AD.* Draft annotated English translation... Link

35. Hill (2004), pp. 29, 352–352.

36. A. D. H. Bivar, KUSHAN DYNASTY , in Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2010

37. "A.—The Hindu Kings of Kábul". Sir H. M. Elliot. Packard Humanities Institute. 1867–1877.

38. Wilson, Horace Hayman (1998). "Ariana antiqua: a descriptive account of the antiquities and coins of". Asian Educational Services.

39. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1973). "The Ghaznavids: Their Empire in Afghanistan and Eastern Iran, 994: 1040". Munshiram Manoharlal.

40. "A.—The Hindu Kings of Kábul (p.3)". Sir H. M. Elliot. Packard Humanities Institute. 1867–1877.

41. Ibn Battuta (2004). "Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354". Routledge.

42. Zahir ud-Din Mohammad Babur (1525). "Description of Kābul". Memoirs of Babur. Packard Humanities Institute.

43. Gall, Sandy (2012). "War Against the Taliban: Why It All Went Wrong in Afghanistan". Bloomsbury Publishing.

44. Schinasi, May. "Kabul iii. History From the 16th Century to the Accession of Moḥammad Ẓāher Shah". Encyclopaedia Iranica.

45. Samrin, Farah (2005). "The City of Kabul Under the Mughals". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress.

46. Roy, Kaushik (January 2015). "Mughal Empire and Warfare in Afghanistan: 1500–1810". academic.oup.com.

47. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2008). "Historic cities of the Islamic world". Brill.

48. Foltz, Richard (1996). "The Mughal Occupation of Balkh 1646–1647". Journal of Islamic Studies.

49. Ziad, Waleed (30 October 2018). "The Persianate World". BRILL.

50. Ziad, Waleed (30 October 2018). "The Persianate World". BRILL.

51. "Kabul: City of lost glories". BBC News. 12 November 2001.

52. "Story Map Cascade". Library of Congress.

53. Caption for Panorama of the Bala Hissar WDL11486 Library of Congress

54. "Draft Kabul City Master Plan". USAID.

55. Tanin, Z. (2006): Afghanistan in the 20th Century. Tehran.

56. Anthony Hyman, "Nationalism in Afghanistan" in International Journal of Middle East Studies, 34:2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002) 305.

57. Hyman, 305.

58. "Kabul New City light rail plan – Railways of Afghanistan". www.andrewgrantham.co.uk. 18 August 2015.

59. Nick Cullather, "Damming Afghanistan: Modernisation in a Buffer State" in The Journal of American History 89:2 (Indiana: Organization of American Historians, 2002) 518.

60. Cullather, 518.

61. Cullather, 519.

62. Cullather, 530.

63. Caryl, Christian (12 June 2013). "When Afghanistan Was Just a Stop on the 'Hippie Trail'". HuffPost.

64. Cullather, 534.

65. "Hotels and Tourists. | ACKU Images System".

66. Blua, Antoine (5 October 2009). "Afghans Prepare for Tourism Development". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

67. Amstutz, J. Bruce (1994). "Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation". Diane Publishing.

68. Hammer, Joshua (21 January 2007). "The Mysteries of Kabul". The New York Times.

69. Smith, Oliver (20 April 2018). "When Afghanistan was just a laid-back highlight on the hippie trail". The Telegraph.

70. "The Lonely Planet Journey: The Hippie Trail". The Independent. 5 November 2011.

71. Haynes, 372.

72. Haynes, 373.

73. J. Robert Moskin, American Statecraft: The Story of the U.S. Foreign Service (Thomas Dunne Books, 2013), p. 594.

74. John Prados, Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA (Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), p. 468.

75. Dick Camp, Boots on the Ground: The Fight to Liberate Afghanistan from Al-Qaeda and the Taliban (Zenith, 2012), pp. 8–9.

76. Yousaf, Mohammad (1991). "Silent Soldier: The Man Behind the Afghan Jehad General Akhtar Abdur Rahman". Jang Publishers, 1991.

77. Kakar, Hassan M. (1997). "Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982". University of California Press.

78. "Afghanistan". publishing.cdlib.org.

79. Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation, by J. Bruce Amstutz – Page 139

80. Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation, by J. Bruce Amstutz – Page 139 & 140

81. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists – December 1983 issue

82. Afghanistan: The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan, by Amin Saikal, William Maley – Page 48

83. Dorronsoro, Gilles (2007). "Kabul at War (1992–1996): State, Ethnicity and Social Classes". South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal. samaj.revues.org.

84. Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation, by J. Bruce Amstutz – Page 140

85. Landay, Jonathan S.. "A truck bomb exploded in crowded downtown Kabul today,...". UPI.

86. Bowersox, Gary W. (2004). "The Gem Hunter: The Adventures of an American in Afghanistan". GeoVision, Inc..

87. "Guerrillas Take Afghan Capital as Troops Flee". The New York Times. 28 September 1996.

88. Kolhatkar, S.; Ingalls, J.; Barsamian, D. (2011). "Bleeding Afghanistan: Washington, Warlords, and the Propaganda of Silence". Seven Stories Press.

89. Bowersox (p.192)

90. Burns, John F. (5 February 1996). "Afghan Capital Grim as War Follows War". The New York Times.

91. Nazif M Shahrani, "War, Factionalism and the State in Afghanistan" in American Anthropologist 104:3 (Arlington, Virginia: American Anthropological Association, 2008), 719.

92. "Casting Shadows: War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity: 1978–2001". Afghanistan Justice Project. 2005.

93. Amnesty International. 16 November 1995 Accessed at: "Afghanistan: Further information on fear for safety and new concern: Deliberate and arbitrary killings: Civilians in Kabul". 16 November 1995.

94. "Afghanistan: escalation of indiscriminate shelling in Kabul". International Committee of the Red Cross. 1995.

95. "The Taliban's War on Women. A Health and Human Rights Crisis in Afghanistan". Physicians for Human Rights. 1998.

96. "Flash from the Past: Kabul security handed back to Afghans in 2008". 22 September 2018.

97. Bergen, Peter (4 March 2013). "What Went Right?". foreignpolicy.com.

98. "Archnet". www.archnet.org.

99. Shah Mahmoud Mahmoud. "ÇÈá äÇÊåÜ/ÓÜÜÜÇá ÜÜÜÜÜÜåÇÑÏåÜã/ÔãÇÑåی۳۱۳/ÇÓÊÇÏ ÔÇå ãÍãæÏ/ÈÑÍåÇی ÓÇÚÊ ÔåÑ ÇÈá" [The clock towers of Kabul city]. www.kabulnath.de.

100. "قصر تاج‌بیگ پس از بازسازی". 10 December 2020.

101. "'There is less fear': Restoration of Kabul repairs the ravages of war". The Guardian. 13 May 2019.

102. "Afghanistan Displacement and Returnee Response Informal Settlement Profiles: City of Kabul". www.reachresourcecentre.info.

103. "For a Lucky Few, Life Is Better in This Kabul Neighbourhood". www.nationalgeographic.com. 28 December 2017.

104. Rasmussen, Sune Engel (11 December 2014). "Kabul – the fifth fastest growing city in the world – is bursting at the seams". The Guardian.

105. "To go with story 'Afghanistan-elections-presidency-economics' by...". Getty Images. October 2014.

106. Recknagel, Charles; Sarwar, Mustafa (14 June 2016). "The Changing Face Of Kabul". RFE/RL.

107. "Completed Projects – Gholghola Group". gholghola.com.

108. Hamdard, Azizullah (14 February 2015). "New township changes Kabul ring road course". www.pajhwok.com.

109. "Kabul to give diplomats an 'ordinary life' in Baghdad-style green zone". TheGuardian.com. 17 May 2009.

110. "A photo tour of Kabul shows how 20 years of U.S. military presence reshaped Afghanistan's capital". Washington Post.

111. "World's fastest growing urban areas (1)". City Mayors. 17 May 2012.

112. "Kabul: A City With 2 Faces". thediplomat.com.

113. "U.S. blames Pakistan agency in Kabul attack". Reuters. 22 September 2011.

114. "U.S. links Pakistan to group it blames for Kabul attack". Reuters. 17 September 2011.

115. "Clinton Presses Pakistan to Help Fight Haqqani Insurgent Group". Fox News. 18 September 2011.

116. "Pakistan condemns US comments about spy agency". Associated Press. 23 September 2011.

117. Baktash, Hashmat; Rodriguez, Alex (7 December 2008). "Two Afghanistan bombings aimed at Shiites kill at least 59 people". Los Angeles Times.

118. Rubin, Alissa (13 September 2011). "U.S. Embassy and NATO Headquarters Attacked in Kabul". nytimes.com.

119. Holehouse, Matthew (13 September 2011). "Kabul US embassy attack: September 13 as it happened". telegraph.co.uk.

120. "At least 55 killed in Kabul suicide bombing". The Hindu. 7 December 2008.

121. "Photos of the Day: Dec. 8". The Wall Street Journal. 7 December 2008.

122. "Country Reports on Terrorism 2017". U.S. Department of State.

123. "Death toll rises to 85 in Afghanistan girls' school bomb attack". CNN. 10 May 2021.

124. "Afghanistan's Security Challenges under the Taliban". www.crisisgroup.org. 12 August 2022.

125. "Afghanistan: Seven Killed, 41 Injured in Blast Near Mosque in Kabul". www.outlookindia.com/. 23 September 2022.

126. "Pakistan Airstrike Hits Kabul, Civilians and School Damaged". TOLOnews. 16 October 2025.

127. "An evaluation of architectural monuments in Afghanistan as in the capital city, Kabul".

128. "Arg clock tower". president.gov.af.

129. "Push to modernise takes toll on Kabul's historical homes". Reuters. 10 December 2020.

130. "Kabul Markaz Residential Tower 1, Kabul | 1438696". Emporis.

131. Clark, Kate (25 April 2016). "Kabul Duck Alert 2: Pictures of birds and birdwatchers at the Kol-e Hashmat Khan wetland". Afghanistan Analysts Network.

132. "Kabul wetland declared new protected area for migrating birds". United Nations Environment Programme. 19 June 2017.

133. "Kabul – Legislation and Policy Advances". afghanistan.wcs.org.

134. "Doctors warn Kabul residents of health risks from air pollution". Pajhwok Afghan News. 7 January 2026.

135. "Severe Drinking Water Shortage in Kabul's District 7 Raises Public Alarm". TOLOnews. 24 December 2025.

136. "AUWSSC Launches Major Project to Provide Clean Water to Kabul". TOLOnews. 9 November 2025.

137. "Mullah Baradar, private firm discuss Kabul water project". Ariana News. 21 August 2025.

138. "IEA Cabinet prioritizes groundwater management as Kabul faces alarming water crisis". Ariana News. 29 July 2025.

139. "Afghanistan". The World Factbook.

140. "Discover AFG's #1 Water Brand". ariawater.com.

141. "Afghanistan Beverage Industries Limited". abi-af.com/.

142. "Noshaq Non Alcoholic beverage industry". noshaqwater.com/.

143. "Pamir Cola Mineral Water". pamircola-co.com.

144. "Water Supply Project Launched to Address Kabul's Growing Water Crisis". TOLOnews. 28 July 2025.

145. "69m afs clean water supply network executed in Kabul". Pajhwok Afghan News. 27 July 2025.

146. "Trolleybuses in Kabul". www.spvd.cz.

147. "National Geographic Magazine".

148. "Afghan People's Dialogue on Peace: 34 Roadmaps on Peace". UNAMA. 2016-01-10.

149. "Afghanistan – AFG38731 –Tajiks in Kabul and Mazar-e-Sharif – Taliban". Country Advice: Afghanistan. Refugee Review Tribunal, Australia. 2 June 2011.

150. "Kabul". Online Encyclopædia Britannica.

151. "Kabul – Naval Postgraduate School". my.nps.edu.

152. Foschini, Fabrizio (17 January 2012). "Striking at Kabul, now and then | Afghanistan Analysts Network". www.afghanistan-analysts.org.

153. "Afghan Sikhs, Hindus meet Taliban officials, are assured of safety". The Indian Express.

154. "International Religious Freedom Report 2009". Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State. 2009.

155. "Hinduism in ancient and modern Afghanistan". 21 April 2022.

156. "Last member of Afghanistan's Jewish community leaves country". The Guardian. Associated Press. 8 September 2021.

157. "Jews of Afghanistan: A History of Tolerance and Diversity". aissonline.org.

158. Jalalzai, Freshta (8 March 2024). "The Little-Known Story of Afghanistan's Last Jew". New Lines Magazine.

159. Ben Zion Yehoshua-Raz, “Kabul”, in: Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, Executive Editor Norman A. Stillman. First published online: 2010

160. Feigenbaum, Aaron (7 September 2014). "The Jewish History of Afghanistan". Aish.

161. (no text)

162. (no text)

163. "Recreation Area to be Made on Kabul's Maranjan Hill". TOLOnews. 6 August 2024.

164. "A mosque resembling Dome of the Rock built on Wazir Akbar Khan hill in Kabul". Ariana News. October 27, 2023.

165. "Ala'uddin Park, Kabul". Pajhwok Afghan News. 14 March 2018.

166. "Afghanistan aim to maintain ascendancy as format changes". www.icc-cricket.com.

167. Foschini, Fabrizio. "A geographical guide to a metropolis in the making". www.afghanistan-analysts.org.

168. "Community Scorecard of Kabul Municipality 2016". iwaweb.org.

169. "Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Ministry of Urban Development Affairs (MUDA) Kabul Municipality Dehsabz City Development Authority (DCDA)".

170. "Regional Commissions report on the progress on the Implementation of the New Urban Agenda (2019–2022)". United Nations. 2022.

171. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اطلاعیه‌ی اشتراک در بحث آنلاین!". km.gov.af.

172. "What are the priorities of Kabul municipal districts". Kabul City Municipality. 2020.

173. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری آنلاین بحث کې ګډون!". km.gov.af.

174. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اطلاعیه‌ی اشتراک در گفتمان آنلاین شهری!". km.gov.af.

175. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری انلاین بحث کې ګډون!". km.gov.af.

176. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اولین گفتمان آنلاین در مورد مدیریت زباله‌ها برگزار شد". km.gov.af.

177. "Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری انلاین بحث کې ګډون!". km.gov.af.

178. "女性の絵消した」「タリバンを拒絶」…アフガニスタン人の本音 日本のIT会社が公開". The Asahi Shinbun. 2021.

179. "The Transition of Asian and Pacific Cities to a Sustainable Future:Accelerating Action for Sustainable Urbanization". Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. 2022.

180. Hadfi, Rafik; Haqbeen, Jawad; Sahab, Sofia; Ito, Takayuki (August 2021). "Argumentative conversational agents for online discussions". Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering.

181. "Afghanistan: Health Systems". WHO.

182. "ADEI Medical Complex". Official website.

183. "MoPH to Distribute Covid-19 Vaccine to Provinces". TOLOnews. 13 March 2023.

184. "Arianna Medical Complex".

185. "CURE Afghanistan". CURE International.

186. "UAE Medical Firm To Run Two Key Kabul Hospitals". TOLOnews. 30 July 2018.

187. "The Square of Pashtunistan". 10 February 2015.

188. "The place to take the Afghan pulse". 12 November 2009.

189. "Roadworks bring traffic chaos to Kabul". BBC News.

190. "Officials Say Kabul Ring Road Construction to Start Soon".

191. "IDB Pays $74m Loan For Construction of Kabul City Ring-Road". rta.org.af. 17 September 2017.

192. Moosakhail, Zabihullah (16 August 2015). "President Ghani: Kabul's ring road important economical project". The Khaama Press News Agency.

193. "Amid chaos, Kabul gears up for pioneering metro bus service". 17 July 2017.

194. "در پایتخت؛ شهرداری کابل و ساخت 286 متر پُل هوایی در 8 موقعیت مزدحم شهر |". 17 September 2017.

195. "Kabul Urban Transport Efficiency Improvement Project".

196. "Urban Transport Programme will Helps Keep Kabul Clean". 9 June 2017.

197. "Why the Corolla is so popular – even in Afghanistan". 26 June 2013.

198. Nakamura, David (27 August 2010). "In Afghanistan, a car for the masses". The Washington Post.

199. Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Dodgy cars clogging Kabul's roads

200. "Over 1,300 unregistered, black-tinted vehicles seized in Kabul". Pajhwok Afghan News. 5 January 2026.

201. "Corolla's the car of choice in Kabul".

202. "Over 74,000 Vehicles Painted as Taxis in Kabul, Traffic Police Report". TOLOnews. 6 December 2025.

203. "More than 20,000 Taxis Now Operate in Kabul City". TOLOnews. 13 August 2025.

204. "Catherine Lytle: From Gerbils to Trolleybus".

205. "New bus service for Kabul city launched". 25 March 2021.

206. "Kabul Municipality – شاروالی کابل: بس‌های شهری شاروالی کابل در سطح شهر آغاز به فعالیت کرد!". Km.gov.af.

207. "Sister Cities of Ankara".

208. "Sister Cities of Istanbul". Greater Istanbul.

209. Cultures and Globalization: Cities, Cultural Policy and Governance by Helmut K Anheier, p.376

210. "Deputy Mayor of Kabul Signs Sister Cities Friendship Agreement with Kansas City, Missouri ::: Embassy of Afghanistan". www.afghanembassy.us.

211. "Cities in Afghanistan and Nebraska forge "sister cities" partnership – Afghanistan". ReliefWeb.

1 2 3 4 5

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kabul/page/5/