Kinshasa, sentence 156
From Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Members of opposition parties such as the UDPS and PALU were particularly targeted, often detained in notorious facilities including the Police d'intervention rapide (PIR), the Direction des renseignements généraux et services spéciaux (DRGS, also called Kin Mazière), IPKIN (ex-Circo), and Kokolo Military Camp.
Who acts: Direction · What happens: target, detain, include, de, call · To what, where: Members, notorious facilities, renseignements, DRGS · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Direction), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Members | member | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 targeted | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 parties | case |
| 3 | opposition | opposition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 parties | compound |
| 4 | parties | party | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Members | nmod |
| 5 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 8 UDPS | case |
| 6 | as | as | ADP | _ | 5 such | fixed |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 UDPS | det |
| 8 | UDPS | UDPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 parties | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 PALU | cc |
| 10 | PALU | PALU | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 UDPS | conj |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 targeted | aux:pass |
| 12 | particularly | particularly | ADV | _ | 13 targeted | advmod |
| 13 | targeted | target | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 detained | punct |
| 15 | often | often | ADV | _ | 16 detained | advmod |
| 16 | detained | detain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 targeted | conj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 facilities | case |
| 18 | notorious | notorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 facilities | amod |
| 19 | facilities | facility | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 detained | obl |
| 20 | including | include | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 rapide | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 rapide | det |
| 22 | Police | Police | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 rapide | compound |
| 23 | d'intervention | d'intervention | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rapide | compound |
| 24 | rapide | rapide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 facilities | nmod |
| 25 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 PIR | punct |
| 26 | PIR | PIR | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 rapide | appos |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 PIR | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 des | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Direction | det |
| 30 | Direction | Direction | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 des | nsubj |
| 31 | des | de | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 targeted | conj |
| 32 | renseignements | renseignement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 des | obj |
| 33 | généraux | généraux | X | Foreign=Yes | 32 renseignements | conj |
| 34 | et | et | X | Foreign=Yes | 32 renseignements | appos |
| 35 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 renseignements | conj |
| 36 | spéciaux | spéciaux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 services | list |
| 37 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 38 DRGS | punct |
| 38 | DRGS | DRGS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 spéciaux | appos |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 called | punct |
| 40 | also | also | ADV | _ | 41 called | advmod |
| 41 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 DRGS | acl |
| 42 | Kin | Kin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 called | xcomp |
| 43 | Mazière | Mazière | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Kin | flat |
| 44 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 41 called | punct |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 IPKIN | punct |
| 46 | IPKIN | IPKIN | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 DRGS | conj |
| 47 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 48 ex-Circo | punct |
| 48 | ex-Circo | ex-Circo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 IPKIN | appos |
| 49 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 48 ex-Circo | punct |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 Camp | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 Camp | cc |
| 52 | Kokolo | Kokolo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Camp | compound |
| 53 | Military | Military | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Camp | compound |
| 54 | Camp | Camp | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 DRGS | conj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 targeted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | target | past · passive | Members of opposition parties such the UDPS and PALU | particularly property | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | detain | participle | notorious facilities include the Police d'intervention rapide | often property | vn confine-92 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | include | gerund | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | de | present | the Direction | renseignements and services spéciaux | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | call | participle | DRGS and IPKIN and Kokolo Military Camp not said here | Kin xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/156/