Niamey, sentence 38

From Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The Zarma believe that the founder, a Kallé Zarma chief from the Zarmaganda region named Kouri Mali, acquired land between Yantala and Gamkalé Sebangayé; they say the city's name is derived from his exclamation of "wa gnam ne", meaning "clear out here" or "settle here".

Who acts: Zarma, founders, city · What happens: believe, name, acquire, say, derive, mean · To what, where: Zarmaganda region, name, exclamation, wa gnam ne · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niamey». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zarma, founders, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Zarma	det
2	Zarma	Zarma	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 believe	nsubj
3	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 founder	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 founder	det
6	founder	founder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 believe	ccomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 chief	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 chief	det
9	Kallé	Kallé	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 chief	compound
10	Zarma	Zarma	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Kallé	flat
11	chief	chief	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 founder	appos
12	from	from	ADP	_	15 region	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 region	det
14	Zarmaganda	Zarmaganda	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 region	compound
15	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 chief	nmod
16	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 region	acl
17	Kouri	Kouri	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 named	xcomp
18	Mali	Mali	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Kouri	flat
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 land	punct
20	acquired	acquire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 land	amod
21	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 chief	conj
22	between	between	ADP	_	23 Yantala	case
23	Yantala	Yantala	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 land	nmod
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 Gamkalé	cc
25	Gamkalé	Gamkalé	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Yantala	conj
26	Sebangayé	Sebangayé	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Gamkalé	flat
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 say	punct
28	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 say	nsubj
29	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 believe	parataxis
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 city	det
31	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 name	nmod:poss
32	's	's	PART	_	31 city	case
33	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 derived	nsubj:pass
34	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 derived	aux:pass
35	derived	derive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	29 say	ccomp
36	from	from	ADP	_	38 exclamation	case
37	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 exclamation	nmod:poss
38	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 derived	obl
39	of	of	ADP	_	43 ne	case
40	"	"	PUNCT	_	43 ne	punct
41	wa	wa	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 ne	compound
42	gnam	gnam	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 ne	compound
43	ne	ne	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 exclamation	nmod
44	"	"	PUNCT	_	43 ne	punct
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 meaning	punct
46	meaning	mean	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	35 derived	advcl
47	"	"	PUNCT	_	48 clear	punct
48	clear	clear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	46 meaning	ccomp
49	out	out	ADP	_	48 clear	compound:prt
50	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	48 clear	advmod
51	"	"	PUNCT	_	48 clear	punct
52	or	or	CCONJ	_	54 settle	cc
53	"	"	PUNCT	_	54 settle	punct
54	settle	settle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 derived	conj
55	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	54 settle	advmod
56	"	"	PUNCT	_	54 settle	punct
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 believe	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	believe	present	the Zarma			the founder ccomp	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
2	name	participle		the Zarmaganda region not said here		Kouri xcomp	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	acquire	participle					vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	say speech: assert	present	founders = founder				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	derive	present · passive		the city's name	Zarma's exclamation of wa gnam ne		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from exclamation=Material
6	mean	gerund					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	clear out in a quote	infinitive			here		vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source
8	settle in a quote	infinitive			here		vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9	name		the city				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
10	exclaim		Zarma	wa gnam ne			nom exclamation «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/38/

🌲 Niamey, sentence 38

The tree

Pragmatics

Niamey, sentence 38