יָשַׁב

vb. sit, remain, dwell (NH id.; Aramaic יְתֵיב, ܝܺܬܶܒ; MI10.31 ישב, l8. 19 וישב, l13 ואשב, dwell; Ph. ישב dwell; Zinj. ישב sit DHMSendsch. 58; Assyrian ašâbu, sit, dwell, DlHWB 244; Arabic وَثَبَ leap, jump, Ḥimyer. dial. sit, Lane2919; Ethiopic አውሰበ ii. i secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, cf. Hiph. 4)— Pf. 3 ms. יָשַׁב Gn 13:12 +; 2 ms. יָשַׁבְתָּ Ju 5:16, וְיָשַׁבְתָּה בָ֑הּ consec. Dt 17:14; 2 mpl. יְשַׁבְתֶּם Dt 1:46 Lv 18:3, וִישַׁבְתֶּם consec. Lv 25:18 + 7 times, etc.; Impf. יֵשֵׁב 1 S 5:7 +, יֵשֶׁב־ Gn 44:33; Ez 44:3, יֵ֫שֶׁב before monosyll. 1 K 7:8; Jb 22:8; וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב Gn 4:16 +; וַיֵּשֵֽׁב Ru 4:1; 1 s. אֵשֵׁב Ju 6:18 +, וָאֵשֵׁב Dt 9:9 + 3 times + Ez 3:15b (but Co אשׁר Kt); אֵשְׁבָה 1 S 27:5; אֵשֵׁ֑בָה Is 49:20; וָאֵשְׁבָה Ez 9:3; 3 mpl. יֵשְׁבוּ Gn 47:4 +; 3 fpl. תישׁבנה Ez 35:9 Kt (i.e. תֵּישַׁבְנָה Ol§ 242 d Köi. 401), Qr תָּשׁוֹבְנָה (√ שׁוב), Co proposes תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה; 1 pl. נֵשֵׁב Je 42:13, 14, וַנֵּ֫שֶׁב Nu 20:15 + 5 times; Imv. ms. שֵׁב Gn 20:15 +, שֶׁב־ Gn 35:1; שְׁבָה Gn 27:19 +; fs. שְׁבִי Gn 38:11 +; mpl. שְׁבוּ Gn 22:5 +, etc.; Inf. abs. יָשֹׁב־ 1 S 20:5; cstr. שֶׁ֫בֶת 1 S 7:2 +; שָׁ֑בֶת Is 40:22 +; sf. שִׁבְתִּי 2 S 7:5 +, etc.; Pt. m. י(וֹ)שֵׁב Gn 4:20; 24:3 +, etc.; f. ישְׁבָה Na 3:8; י(וֹ)שֶׁבֶת Ju 4:5 +; י(וֹ)שָׁ֑בֶת Jos 2:5; 2 K 4:13; ישַׁבְתְּ֯י Je 22:23, י(וֹ)שֶׁבֶת֯י Je 10:17; La 4:21; Ez 27:3 (Kt preferable in all these, v. Ol§ 123 d Ges§ 90.3a); fpl. ישְׁבוֹת 1 S 27:8;— sit on (עַל) a seat 1 S 20:25, stone Ex 17:12, teraphim Gn 31:34, couch 48:2 (all E), Ez 23:41, knees 2 K 4:20; throne Ex 11:5; 12:29 (J), Dt 17:18; 1 S 1:9; 4:13; 1 K 1:13, 17, 20 +, v. abs. infr.; of י׳, הַיּשֵׁב עַל־חוּג הָאָרֶץ Is 40:22; dust Is 47:1, ground (אֶרֶץ) Ez 26:16, ashes Jon 3:6 (these in token of humiliation); sit down by (עַל) a well Ex 2:15 or pool 2 S 2:13; c. אֶל 1 S 28:23; sit in (ב) house, street, doorway, assembly, etc. 2 S 7:1; Ju 19:15 Gn 38:14 (J), Je 15:17; 26:10 ψ 1:1 Ct 2:3 so Ez 31:6, 17 (fig.); of No of Amon (personif. city) הַוּשְׁבָה בַּיְאֹרִים Na 3:8 she who sate amid the rivers; c. לְ sit on to (pregn.) לָאָרֶץ Is 3:26; 47:1 La 2:10, לְכִסֵּא ψ 9:5, at, לְפֶתַח בית Pr 9:14, לִימִינוֹ(י) 1 K 2:19, ψ 110:1; לַמַּבּוּל ψ 29:10; c. לִפְנֵי Gn 43:33 (J), + שָׁם Ju 20:26; 21:2; 2 S 7:18 = 1 Ch 17:16; c. עִם 1 S 20:5 Pr 31:22; c. אֶת־ Je 16:8; Jb 2:13; c. תַּחַת Ju 6:11; Mi 4:4, וַיֵּשֶׁב תַּחְתֶּיהָ בַּצֵּל Jon 4:5; c. מִנֶּגֶד Gn 21:16(×2) (E), נֶגֶד Is 47:14, מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Jon 4:5; מִצַּד 1 S 20:25; Ru 2:14; c. acc. cogn. Ez 28:2; לִשְׁפֹּט Ex 18:13; Jo 4:12 (cf. ψ 9:5; Is 28:6); hence abs. of sitting as king or judge Ex 18:14 ψ 61:8 Mal 3:3, יושׁבים Is 10:13, perhaps Am 1:5, 8, especially of י׳ sitting (enthroned), ψ 2:4; 9:8; 29:10; 55:20; 102:13 La 5:19, so in ישֵׁב (הַ)כְּרוּבִים 1 S 4:4; 2 S 6:2 = 1 Ch 13:6, 2 K 19:15 ψ 99:1; ישֵׁב תְּהִלּוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל ψ 22:4 (v. c. עַל, supr.); by meton. of thrones, for the judges sitting on them שָׁמָּה יָֽשְׁבוּ כִסְאוֹת לְמִשְׁפָּט ψ 122:5; הַיּשְׁבִים Ru 4:14, i.e. in the gate (cf. v 11), those in whose presence purchase of land took place. sit, sit down, abs., Ju 19:6; Ru 4:1, 2; Ne 1:4; Je 36:15 (sq. cl. of purpose, to eat, etc.) Gn 37:25 Est 3:15 +; opp. קוּם Ex 32:6 (JE) ψ 139:2, מְאַחֲרֵי שֶׁבֶת ψ 127:2 (opp. מַשְׁכִּימֵי קוּם); so Is 37:28 = 2 K 19:27 (read לְפָנַי קֻמְךָ at end of v 27 = 2 K 19:26 We in BlEinl. 4, 257 RSProph. 351, and n. 9); but also קוּמִי שְׁבִי Is 52:2, expl. by (וַיָּקָם מֵהָאָרֶץ וַיֵּשֶׁב אֶל־הַמִּטָּה 1 S 28:23 and) 2 S 19:9. sit down outside (חוּץ), i.e. perform a necessity of nature Dt 23:14. sit = be set (as a jewel), ישְׁבוֹת עַל־מִלֵּאת Ct 5:12 set on a filling (i.e. in a setting, De al.), in description of eyes; (> others sitting by full streams). remain, stay, tarry (for a limited or indef. time), c. אֶת pers. Gn 24:55 (J), Ju 19:4; 2 S 16:8; c. עִם pers. Gn 27:44 (J), עִמָּדִי 29:19 (E), Ju 17:10; c. בְ loc. 1 S 7:2 (of ark), 13:16; 14:2; 24:4 (23:25 read אֲשֶׁר for וַיֵּשֶׁב 𝔊 We Dr Klo Kit Bu), 2 S 10:5; 19:25 (where read שִׁבְתּוֹ for שִׁיבָתוֹ Dr Klo Bu, v. We), Nu 35:25 (P), Jb 24:13; c. שָׁם 1 K 11:16, שָׁם עַד־עוֹלָם 1 S 1:22; c. על (by) 1 S 25:13; 30:24; פֹּה 2 K 7:4; שְׁבוּ לָכֶם פֹּה עִם־הַחֲמוֹר Gn 22:5 (E); c. בֵּין Ju 5:16, מִחוּץ לְ Lv 14:8 (P), אֵצֶל 1 S 20:19; c. acc. בית 2 S 6:11; 13:20; Ru 2:7; abs. 1 S 1:23(×2); abide, endure Mi 5:3, וִיהוּדָה לְעוֹלָם תֵּשֵׁב Jo 4:20, so of Mt. Zion ψ 121:1. with special emphasis on qualifying phr., וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּאֵיתָן קַשְׁתּוֹ Gn 49:24 and his bow abode as a firm one (poem in J); 1 K 22:1 and they continued three years without war; of woman remaining בִּדְמֵי טָהֳרָה Lv 12:4, על־דמי וגו׳ v 5. dwell, have one’s abode in (ב) a land, city, house, etc., Gn 4:16; 13:7, 12(×2); 19:29; 24:37, 62; Dt 1:4; 3:2; Jos 20:6; 2 S 7:6 + often (on 2 S 21:16 v. ישׁבו בְנֹב, p. 444); in tents Je 35:7, 10; 1 Ch 5:10; fig. of justice (צְדָקָה) Is 32:16 (‖ וְשָׁכֵן מִשְׁפָּט); in the midst of (בְּקֶרֶב) Gn 24:3; Jos 13:13; 16:10; Ju 1:30, 32, 33; 3:5; so c. בְּתוֹךְ Gn 23:10 (P); c. עַל + הארץ, of God 1 K 8:27 = 2 Ch 6:18; of people Lv 25:18, 19; 26:35 (H); c. לְ Jb 15:28; c. בֵּין Gn 20:1 (E); dwell with (אֶת) Gn 34:16, 22 (P), Ex 2:21 (E), Jos 15:63 (JE), Ju 1:16, 21; 17:11; יֵשְׁבוּ יְשָׁרִים אֶת־פָּנֶיךָ ψ 140:14; so c. עִם Jos 20:4 Dt 23:17 (+ בקרב), ψ 26:4 (i.e. assoc. with); c. יַחְדָּו Gn 13:6(×2) (J), 36:7 (P), Dt 25:5; שֶׁבֶת גַּם־יָ֑חַד ψ 133:1; dwell in their stead (תַּחְתָּם) Dt 2:12, 21, 22, 23; 1 Ch 4:41; 5:22; abs. לָשֶׁבֶת יְצָרָהּ Is 45:18 for dwelling he formed it (the earth); (thy) dwelling-place is מְקוֹם שִׁבְתְּךָ 1 K 8:30 = 2 Ch 6:21, also מְכוֹן שׁ׳ 1 K 8:39, 43, 49 = 2 Ch 6:30, 33, 39, so ψ 33:14; מָכוֹן לְשׁ׳ Ex 15:17 1 K 8:13 = 2 Ch 6:2. Pt. ישֵׁב = subst., dweller, inhabitant, very often (c. 215 times): e.g. ישֵׁב אהלים Gn 25:27 (J); often coll. ישֵׁב אהל Gn 4:20 (J), ישׁב הָאָרֶץ 34:30; 50:11 (both J), Ex 34:12, 15 (JE); also poet. f., (as coll.; v. Dr on 1 S 17:21) יוֹשֶׁבֶת שָׁפִיר etc., Mi 1:11(×2), 12, 13, 15; יוֹשֶׁבֶת צִיּוֹן †Is 12:6; Je 51:35; similarly †10:17; 21:13; 22:23; 48:19; cf. La 4:21) Zc 2:11; with בת in app. (Da§ 28 R. 6), יוֹשֶׁבֶת בַּת־מִצְרַיִם †Je 46:19, so 48:18; more usually pl. ישְׁבֵי הֶעָרִים Gn 19:25 (J), cf. Dt 13:14; ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Ex 23:21 (JE), cf. Ex 15:14, 15 (poem in E); ישְׁבֵי תֵבֵל Is 18:3, יוֹשְׁבֵי חָ֑דֶל 38:11, etc.; ישְׁבֶיהָ Lv 18:25; 25:10 (H), Nu 13:32 (P); abs. יוֹשֵׁב (coll.) Am 1:5, 8; Is 49:19; הַיּוֹשְׁבִים 1 Ch 9:2; also (strangely) ישְׁבוֹת הארץ 1 S 27:8 = the populations of the land We Dr (elsewhere in this sense only fs. and poet., v. supr.); freq. in phr. without inhabitant (i.e. so that there shall be no inhab.), מֵאֵין ישׁב Is 5:9; 6:4; Je 4:7; 26:9; 33:10; 34:22; 44:22; 46:19; 51:29, 37; Zp 2:5; 3:6; מֵאֵין יוֹשֵׁב בָּהֶן Je 48:9; מִבְּלִי ישֵׁב 2:15; 9:10; לֹא יִהְיֶה יוֹשֵב בָּהּ 50:3; לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֹת־בּוֹ יוֹשֵׁב 51:62. of a land or city, sit, abide seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited Je 17:6, 25; 50:13, 39; Ez 26:20; 29:11; 36:35; Is 13:20 (‖ לֹא תִּשְׁכּוֹן), Zc 2:8; 9:5; 14:11; יָֽשְׁבָה תַּחְתֶּיהָ 12:6; 14:10; Ez 35:9; Kt is תישׁבנה, Qr תָּשׁוֹבְנָה; Co תושׁבנה, i.e. Niph. תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה (cf. 36:10), or Hoph. תּוּשַׁבְנָה (cf. Is 44:26); of palace, וְאַרְמוֹן עַל־מִשְׁפָּטוֹ יֵשֵׁב Je 30:18. Pf. 3 fs. נוֹשָׁ֑בָה Je 6:8; 3 pl. וְנֽשְׁבוּ consec. Ez 36:10, נוֹשָׁ֑בוּ Ez 26:19, נוֹשָׁ֑בֻ֯ה Je 22:6; Pt. f. נוֹשֶׁבֶת Ez 26:17 (נִשְׁבַּתְּ 𝔊 Co, √ שׁבת), נוֹשָׁ֑בֶת Ex 16:35; pl. נוֹשָׁבוֹת Ez 12:20; 38:12;—be inhabited, of land Ex 16:35 (perhaps = be habitable), Je 6:3; of cities Je 22:6 Ez 12:20; 26:19; 36:10; חֳרָבוֹת נוֹשָׁבוֹת Ez 38:12;—Ez 26:17 v. supr.; 35:9 v. Qal 4. Pf. 3 mpl. וְיִשְּׁבוּ טִירוֹתֵיהֶם בָּ֑ךְ Ez 25:4 and they shall set their encampments in thee (𝔊 𝔖 Co וְיֵשְׁבוּ inhabit). Pf. 3 ms. הֹשִׁיב Ezr 10:14, sf. הוֹשִׁיבַנִי La 3:6 ψ 143:3; 1 s. הוֹשַׁבְתִּי Lv 23:33, וְה(וֹ)שַׁבְתִּים consec. Ho 11:11; Je 32:37; וְהוֹשְׁבוֹתִים consec. Zc 10:6 (Köi, 413; but prob. text error, vid. Thes and GesLgb 464; read prob. וַהֲשִׁבוֹתִים as v 10, so StaZAW, 1881, 21 We), etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיּוֹשֵׁב Gn 47:11, וַיּוֹ֫שֶׁב 2 Ch 8:2 ψ 107:36; sf. וַיּוֹשִׁיבַי֯נִי 1 K 2:24 (Köi, 414, 224); וַיּשִׁיבֵם Jb 36:7; 1 pl. וַנּ֫שֶׁב Ezr 10:2, etc.; Imv. ms. הוֹשֵׁב Gn 47:6; mpl. ה(וֹ)שִׁיבוּ 1 K 21:9, 10; Inf. cstr. ה(וֹ)שִׁיב 1 S 2:8; Ne 13:27; הוֹשִׁיבִי ψ 113:8 (Ol§ 123 d; read -בוֹ, v. Che); Pt. abs. מוֹשִׁיב ψ 68:7, cstr. מוֹשִׁיבִי ψ 113:9 (Oll.c. Gesl.c.);— cause to sit c. acc. pers. + על כסא 1 K 2:24; 2 Ch 23:20 so (without על כסא) + לָנֶצַח Jb 36:7; set, place c. acc. pers. + נֶגְדּוֹ 1 K 21:10, also v 9, 12 (בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם). cause to abide (acc. pers.) at (ב) 1 S 30:21. cause to dwell, c. acc. pers. + ב loc. 1 S 12:8; 2 K 17:6 Ho 12:10, Gn 47:6, 11 (P), Lv 23:43 (H), La 3:6 ψ 143:3; בְּאֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּיּוֹת Ez 26:20; acc. pers. om. 2 K 17:24, 26; acc. pers. + שָׁם 2 Ch 8:2 ψ 107:36; acc. pers. + עַל־הַבָּתִּים Ho 11:11 (but read וַהֲשִׁבֹתִים We); acc. pers. om., c. עם pers. 1 S 2:8 ψ 113:8; מוֹשִׁיב יְחִידִים בַּ֫יְתֶה ψ 68:7 causing solitary ones to dwell in a house (or is מוֹשִׁיב for מֵשִׁיב Bae?); c. acc. pers. only מושׁ׳ עֲקֶרֶת הַבַּיִת ψ 113:9 giving a dwelling to her that is barren of house; abs. c. לָבֶ֫טַח Je 32:37 ψ 4:9; abs. c. כְּקַדְמוֹתֵיכֶם Ez 36:11. On Zc 10:6, v. supr. cause cities (עָרִים) to be inhabited Ez 36:33; Is 54:3. marry (proposes give a dwelling to, cf. ψ 113:9), only Ezr Ne, and only c. acc. נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת strange or foreign women Ezr 10:2, 10, 14, 17, 18 Ne 13:27; so הֹשִׁיבוּ נָשִׁים אַשְׁדֳּו֯רִיּוֹת Ne 13:23. Pf. וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם לְבַדְּכֶם בְּקֶרֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ Is 5:8 and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land. Impf. הָאֹמֵר לִירוּשָׁלַם תּוּשָׁ֑ב Is 44:26 he who saith of Jerusalem, she shall be inhabited. Ez 35:9 v. Qal 4.