כָּשַׁל

vb. stumble, stagger, totter (NH id.; Syriac [ܟܫܰܠ] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλίζω, (chiefly Ethpe. Aph.), v. PS Brock Schwally; Arabic كَسِلَ is be heavy, sluggish);— Pf. כ׳ Ne 4:4 +, (Ho 5:5b read יִכָּשֵׁל, cf. We), כָּֽשְׁלָה Is 3:8; 59:14; כָּֽשְׁלוּ Je 46:6 +, כָּשַׁלְנוּ Is 59:10, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יכשׁ֑ולו Pr 4:16 Kt (but read Hiph., q.v., so Qr); יכשׁלו Na 3:3 Kt (but read Pf. וְכָֽשְׁלוּ, so Qr); Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל Is 40:30 (c. Niph. Impf.); Pt. act. כּוֹשֵׁל Is 5:27 + 2 times, כֹּשֵׁל 2 Ch 28:15 ψ 105:37; fpl. כֹּשְׁלוֹת Is 35:3;— stumble at, over, something, c. ב (lit. by means of), Na 3:3, גִּבּוֹר בְּגִבּוֹר כ׳ Je 46:12 (+ נָפַל), cf. Lv 26:37; וּנְעָרִים בָּעֵץ כ׳ La 5:13 i.e. stagger (of toil in captivity); abs. Is 5:27 (‖ עָיֵף), כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ Je 46:6, cf. הִרְבָּה כּוֹשֵׁ֑ל גַּס־נָפַל אישׁ וגו׳ v 16 (strange; Gie, foll. in part 𝔊 𝔖, עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל thy mixed people—cf. 25:20, etc.—hath stumbled and hath fallen); often fig. of overthrow, through divine judgment, c. בְּ at, (v. supr.) Je 6:21, so Is 8:15 (+ נָפַל etc.) according to Ges Hi Buhl Che Di; בָּם = among them,—Isr. and Judah,—as ב in v 16, so Ew De Du E.V; Ho 4:5(×2); 5:5; 14:2 (בַּעֲוֹנֶֽךָ, בְּ prob. instr.); abs. of Babylon, under fig. of זָדוֹן, כ׳ ונפל Je 50:32; כ׳ ונפל ψ 27:2 Is 3:8; 31:3 (both ‖ נפל); of אֱמֶת Is 59:14; Is 28:13 (+ אָחוֹר); of distress Is 59:10, ψ 107:12. totter, of knees, lit. בִּרְכַּי כ׳ מִצּוֹם ψ 109:24 my knees totter from fasting; fig. Is 35:3 (‖ יָדַיִם רָפוֹת); כּוֹשֵׁל tottering one, lit. Jb 4:4 2 Ch 28:15 ψ 105:37; hence fig., fail, of strength (כֹּחַ), Ne 4:4 ψ 31:11;—Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל, v. sub Niph. Pf. consec. וְנִכְשַׁל Dn 11:19, וְנִכְשְׁלוּ v 33, וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ v 14; Impf. יִכָּשֵׁל Ez 33:12 + Ho 5:5b (𝔊 as v a, so We; MT כָּשַׁל), 2 ms. תִּכָּשֵׁל Pr 4:12, יִכָּשְׁלוּ Ho 5:5a + 9 times; יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Is 40:30 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. sf. בִּכָּֽשְׁלוֹ Pr 24:17 (yet v. Ges§ 51, R. 1), בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם Dn 11:34; Pt. נִכְשָׁל Zc 12:8; pl. נִכְשָׁלִים 1 S 2:4;— stumble (= Qal) Na 2:6; Is 63:13; Je 31:9; usually fig.: of misfortune Pr 24:17 (‖ נפל), neg. 4:12. of divine judgment (c. בְּ at) Pr 4:19; 24:16, neg. Ez 33:12; see also Ho 14:10 (בְ loc.), Je 20:11 Dn 11:14, 35, יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיֹאבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ ψ 9:4; be thrown to the ground, of nations, armies, etc., Ho 5:5 (c. בַּעֲוֹנָם, cf. 14:2 Qal), Je 6:15 (‖ נפל), cf. 8:12 (‖ id.), Dn 11:19 (+ נפל), v 33 (בְ instr.), v 34, 41. be tottering, feeble, כָּשׁוֹל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Is 40:30 (opp. יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ v 31); so pt. 1 S 2:4 Zc 12:8. only apparent, תְּכַשְּׁלִי Ez 36:14, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with Qr Vrss E.V. Sm Co Da (v. alo Hiph. ad fin.). Pf. הִכְשִׁיל La 1:14, הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם Mal 2:8; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַכְשִׁילְךָ 2 Ch 25:8; 2 fs. תַּכְשִׁלִי Ez 36:15 (but del. 𝔊 Co; read תשׁכלי, as v 14 other Vrss Sm Da); 3 mpl. יַכְשִׁילוּ Pr 4:16 Qr (Kt v. sub Qal), וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ ψ 64:9, וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם Je 18:15 (so 𝔗; Gie, after 𝔊 𝔖, וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [וַיִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ]); Inf. cstr. הַכְשִׁיל 2 Ch 25:8, sf. הַכְשִׁילוֹ 2 Ch 28:23;— cause to stumble, fig.: = bring injury or ruin to, abs. Pr 4:16; of punishment ψ 64:9 (indef. subj.; si vera l.; text prob. corrupt, v. Che Bae). = overthrow, of nation, army, etc., 2 Ch 25:8 (sq. לִפְנֵי אוֹיֵב), cf. v 8 (opp. עזר); cause overthrow 2 Ch 28:23.—On Ez 36:15 v. supr. morally, Je 18:15 (בְּ loc.), Mal 2:8 (בְּ instr.) make feeble, weak, הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי La 1:14 (of God’s dealing with Jerus.) only Pt. והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ Je 18:23 either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such (Hi Gf VB), or and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Gie; so Qr according to Gf). So also in Ez 21:20 according to Co, cf. Sm Da (MT מִכְשֹׁלִים, v. מִכְשׁוֹל).