שָׁפֵל

vb. be or become low, be abased (NH, der. spec.; Assyrian šapâlu, der. spec. and deriv.; Sab. ספל n. humility or lowland DHMxxix (1875), 604; Arabic سَفِلَ, سَفُلَ, سَفَلَ be low (LagBN 48); Aramaic שְׁפַל, ܫܦܰܠ (der. spec.));— Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Is 2:11; 2 fs. וְשָׁפַלְתְּ 29:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁפַּל 2:9; 5:15; 3 fpl. תִּשְׁפַּלְנָה 5:15, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁפַל Ec 12:4; Pr 16:19, v. infr.;— all Is: become (be brought, laid) low, of trees Is 10:33 (‖ גְּדֻעִים), mts. 40:4 (opp. נִשָּׂא), of כָּל־נִשָּׂא 2:12 (but read, for שׁ׳, נִשְׂגָּב [Kohler], or גָּבֹהַּ [Lag], so Du CheHpt. Di-Kit Marti); fig. be humiliated, of man 2:9; 5:15, his loftiness 2:17, haughty eyes v 11 (all ‖ שָׁחַח), 5:15; of city 32:19; as helping vb. (= adv.) וְשׁ׳ מֵאֶרֶץ תְּדַבֵּ֑רִי 29:4 thou shalt speak low out of the ground (Ges§ 120 g; ‖ מֵעָפָר תִּשַּׁח אִמְרָתֵךְ). שְׁפַל־רוּחַ Pr 16:19 to be lowly of spirit, so Buhl SS Toy al.; Thes RobGes. al. sub שָׁפָל. of sound Ec 12:4. Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁפִּיל Is 25:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁפִּיל ψ 75:8, sf. יַשְׁפִּילֶנָּה יַשְׁפִּילָהּ Is 26:5 (but 2nd vb. prob. doublet), etc.; Imv. mpl. (sf.) (הַשְׁפִּילֵ הוּ Jb 40:11 Je 13:18; Inf. cstr. sf. הַשְׁפִּילְךָ Pr 25:7 (Ez 21:31 read abs. הַשְׁפֵּיל, ‖ הַגְבֵּהַּ, so Co Krae Ges§ 113 bb R. 3); Pt. מַשְׁפִּיל 1 S 2:7 ψ 147:6; מַשְׁפִּילִי (Ges§ 90 l) ψ 113:6;— usually fig., י׳ subj., lay low, tree Ez 17:24 (opp. הִגְבַּהְתִּי); city Is 26:5 (‖ הֵשַׁח); fortress 25:12 (+ הֵשַׁח; Du thinks doublet of 26:5); humiliate pride v 11; 13:11, cf. Jb 40:11; obj. עֵינַיִם רָמוֹת ψ 18:28, so read also ‖ 2 S 22:28, י׳מַשׁ׳אַף־מְרוֹמֵם 1 S 2:7, רְשָׁעִים ψ 147:6; זֶה יַשׁ׳ וְזֶה יָרִים 75:8, cf. Ez 21:31. hum. subj. set one in a lower place Pr 25:7; subj. hum. pride Pr 29:23; declar. Is 57:9 thou didst shew abasement עַד־שְׁאוֹל. as helping vb.: + vb. coörd., הַשׁ׳ שֵׁ֑בוּ Je 13:18 make low, sit down = take a low seat (Ges§ 120 g); + inf. מַשׁ׳ לִרְאוֹת ψ 113:6 he who maketh low to look upon heaven and earth (i.e. י׳; ‖ הַמַּגְבִּיהִי לָשָׁ֑בֶת v 5; Ges§ 114n).—הִשְׁפִּילוּ וַתֹּאמֶר גֵּוָ֑ה Jb 22:29 is dub.; ‖ יוֹשִׁעַ favours אֱלוֹהַּ as subj., which Bu conj. for וַתֹּא׳, read then הִשְׁפִּיל, א׳ hath abased pride, so (in part) Du; > they cast (thee) down (RV); men are cast down (הִשׁ׳ intrans.; AV, cf. LagBN 121); (thy ways) are brought low (Ew De Di).