Coreference Resolution across Corpora: Languages, Coding Schemes, and Preprocessing Information
What it is about
The paper shows that a coreference score says as much about the corpus as about the system. The same entity-based system, CISTELL, is trained and tested under three corpus choices: language (English against Spanish, using OntoNotes and AnCora, both news), coding scheme (ACE against OntoNotes on the same 100,000-word TDT portion), and preprocessing (gold against automatic parses). The system uses four basket-growing strategies (head match, strong match, best match, weak match) and a memory-based classifier. The scores are MUC, B3 and CEAF. The rankings of the strategies disagree across the metrics: MUC rewards weak match most, B3 rewards head match most, and CEAF is split between super-strong and best match. In both datasets about 85% of entities are singletons and 15% have two or more mentions, with 3.9 mentions per multi-mention entity in AnCora and 3.5 in OntoNotes. The authors conclude that system comparison is only meaningful when corpus parameters match exactly.
Ideas
- I1. Run Mova's sieve on the same text with two annotation schemes (for example, with and without appositives and predicate nominals as coreferent) and report the change in each score. A change that appears only under one scheme is a scheme effect, not a system effect.
- I2. Put the metric disagreement into
coref/src/eval.rs: a table of MUC, B3 and CEAF for each variant of the sieve, and a rule that a claim of improvement needs the same ranking in at least two of the three metrics. - I3. Mention-type table for Spanish-English contrast: the paper shows zero subjects change the mention distribution. Mova's English-only setting can measure the same kind of shift on a set of sentences with pronoun-dropped and full-subject variants, as a check of the pronoun rules in 12. Pronouns, determiners and numerals.
For Mova
Code: coref/src/eval.rs (three metrics side by side), coref/src/sieve.rs (variants as separate configurations), coref/src/corefud.rs (scheme conversion). Chapter: 35. Reference and coreference. Measure: the sieve under two scheme settings and three metrics, with the rankings printed; run twice and compare the output files byte for byte.
Cite
@inproceedings{recasens2010coreference,
title = {{Coreference Resolution across Corpora: Languages, Coding Schemes, and Preprocessing Information}},
author = {Recasens, Marta and Hovy, Eduard},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
year = {2010},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/P10-1144/}
}References
- Amit Bagga and Breck Baldwin. 1998. Algorithms for scoring coreference chains. In Proceedings of the LREC 1998 Workshop on Linguistic Coreference, pages 563–566, Granada, Spain. find our card
- Eric Bengtson and Dan Roth. 2008. Understanding the value of features for coreference resolution. In Proceedings of EMNLP 2008, pages 294–303, Honolulu, Hawaii. find
- Thorsten Brants. 2000. TnT – A statistical part-of-speech tagger. In Proceedings of ANLP 2000, Seattle, WA. find our card
- Aron Culotta, Michael Wick, Robert Hall, and Andrew McCallum. 2007. First-order probabilistic models for coreference resolution. In Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2007, pages 81–88, Rochester, New York. find
- Walter Daelemans and Antal Van den Bosch. 2005. Memory-Based Language Processing. Cambridge University Press. find
- Pascal Denis and Jason Baldridge. 2009. Global joint models for coreference resolution and named entity classification. Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, 42:87–96. find
- George Doddington, Alexis Mitchell, Mark Przybocki, Lance Ramshaw, Stephanie Strassel, and Ralph Weischedel. 2004. The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation. In Proceedings of LREC 2004, pages 837–840. find
- Christiane Fellbaum. 1998. WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database. The MIT Press. find
- Jenny Rose Finkel and Christopher D. Manning. 2008. Enforcing transitivity in coreference resolution. In Proceedings of ACL-HLT 2008, pages 45– 48, Columbus, Ohio. find
- Aria Haghighi and Dan Klein. 2009. Simple coreference resolution with rich syntactic and semantic features. In Proceedings of EMNLP 2009, pages 1152–1161, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics. find our card
- Johan Hall, Jens Nilsson, Joakim Nivre, Gülsen Eryigit, Beáta Megyesi, Mattias Nilsson, and Markus Saers. 2007. Single malt or blended? A study in multilingual parser optimization. In Proceedings of the CoNLL shared task session of EMNLP-CoNLL 2007, pages 933–939. find
- Lynette Hirschman and Nancy Chinchor. 1997. MUC-7 Coreference Task Definition – Version 3.0. In Proceedings of MUC-7. find
- Eduard Hovy, Mitchell Marcus, Martha Palmer, Lance Ramshaw, and Ralph Weischedel. 2006. OntoNotes: the 90% solution. In Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2006, pages 57–60. find
- Taku Kudoh and Yuji Matsumoto. 2000. Use of support vector learning for chunk identification. In Proceedings of CoNLL 2000 and LLL 2000, pages 142– 144, Lisbon, Portugal. find
- Xiaoqiang Luo and Imed Zitouni. 2005. Multi-lingual coreference resolution with syntactic features. In Proceedings of HLT-EMNLP 2005, pages 660–667, Vancouver. find
- Xiaoqiang Luo, Abe Ittycheriah, Hongyan Jing, Nanda Kambhatla, and Salim Roukos. 2004. A mention-synchronous coreference resolution algorithm based on the Bell tree. In Proceedings of ACL 2004, pages 21–26, Barcelona. find
- Xiaoqiang Luo. 2005. On coreference resolution performance metrics. In Proceedings of HLT-EMNLP 2005, pages 25–32, Vancouver. find our card
- Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie. 2002. Improving machine learning approaches to coreference resolution. In Proceedings of ACL 2002, pages 104–111, Philadelphia. find
- Vincent Ng. 2009. Graph-cut-based anaphoricity determination for coreference resolution. In Proceedings of NAACL-HLT 2009, pages 575–583, Boulder, Colorado. find
- Hoifung Poon and Pedro Domingos. 2008. Joint unsupervised coreference resolution with Markov logic. In Proceedings of EMNLP 2008, pages 650–659, Honolulu, Hawaii. find
- Sameer S. Pradhan, Eduard Hovy, Mitch Marcus, Martha Palmer, Lance Ramshaw, and Ralph Weischedel. 2007. Ontonotes: A unified relational semantic representation. In Proceedings of ICSC 2007, pages 517–526, Washington, DC. find
- Marta Recasens and Eduard Hovy. 2009. A Deeper Look into Features for Coreference Resolution. In S. Lalitha Devi, A. Branco, and R. Mitkov, editors, Anaphora Processing and Applications (DAARC 2009), volume 5847 of LNAI, pages 29–42. Springer-Verlag. find
- Marta Recasens and M. Antònia Martı́. 2009. AnCora-CO: Coreferentially annotated corpora for Spanish and Catalan. Language Resources and Evaluation, DOI 10.1007/s10579-009-9108-x. ↗
- Marta Recasens, Lluı́s Màrquez, Emili Sapena, M. Antònia Martı́, Mariona Taulé, Véronique Hoste, Massimo Poesio, and Yannick Versley. 2010. SemEval-2010 Task 1: Coreference resolution in multiple languages. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Semantic Evaluations (SemEval 2010), Uppsala, Sweden. find
- Wee M. Soon, Hwee T. Ng, and Daniel C. Y. Lim. 2001. A machine learning approach to coreference resolution of noun phrases. Computational Linguistics, 27(4):521–544. find our card
- Veselin Stoyanov, Nathan Gilbert, Claire Cardie, and Ellen Riloff. 2009. Conundrums in noun phrase coreference resolution: Making sense of the state-of-the-art. In Proceedings of ACL-IJCNLP 2009, pages 656–664, Singapore. find our card
- Erik F. Tjong Kim Sang and Fien De Meulder. 2003. Introduction to the CoNLL-2003 Shared Task: Language-independent Named Entity Recognition. In Walter Daelemans and Miles Osborne, editors, Proceedings of CoNLL 2003, pages 142–147. Edmonton, Canada. find
- Olga Uryupina. 2006. Coreference resolution with and without linguistic knowledge. In Proceedings of LREC 2006. find
- Kees van Deemter and Rodger Kibble. 2000. On coreferring: Coreference in MUC and related annotation schemes. Computational Linguistics, 26(4):629– 637. find our card
- Marc Vilain, John Burger, John Aberdeen, Dennis Connolly, and Lynette Hirschman. 1995. A model-theoretic coreference scoring scheme. In Proceedings of MUC-6, pages 45–52, San Francisco. find our card
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/recasens-2010-coreference-resolution-across-corpora-languages/