hackney

Who acts: he, grumbling, I, leave, Hostess, you · What happens: draw, sit, drive, not have, grumble, seem · To what, where: hackney coach, Frederickshafen, age, he, Councillor, Hostess · Speech: someone speaks here

«hackney» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hackney in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

a horse-drawn carriage for hire, a cab.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 carriage	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drawn	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 horse	punct
4	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 carriage	amod
5	carriage	carriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 hire	case
7	hire	hire	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 carriage	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 cab	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cab	det
10	cab	cab	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 carriage	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 carriage	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	participle							vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Two minutes later, he was sitting in a hackney-coach and driving to Frederickshafen.

From Andersen's Fairy Tales.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 minutes	nummod
2	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 later	obl:unmarked
3	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 sitting	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 later	punct
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sitting	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 sitting	aux
7	sitting	sit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	12 coach	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 coach	det
10	hackney	hackney	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 coach	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 hackney	punct
12	coach	coach	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sitting	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 driving	cc
14	driving	drive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 sitting	conj
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 Frederickshafen	case
16	Frederickshafen	Frederickshafen	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 driving	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sitting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past · progressive	he			a hackney coach		late property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in coach=Location
2	drive	gerund	he not said here			Frederickshafen			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to frederickshafen=Trajectory

Example 2

Never had his age, with which, however, he was always grumbling, seemed so miserable as on this evening. “I'll take a hackney-coach!” thought he.

From Andersen's Fairy Tales.

Sentence 1: Never had his age, with which, however, he was always grumbling, seemed so miserable as on this evening.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 had	advmod
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 age	nmod:poss
4	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 which	punct
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 had	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 seemed	punct
9	however	however	ADV	_	16 seemed	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 however	punct
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 grumbling	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 grumbling	aux
13	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	14 grumbling	advmod
14	grumbling	grumble	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 seemed	csubj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 grumbling	punct
16	seemed	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 had	parataxis
17	so	so	ADV	_	18 miserable	advmod
18	miserable	miserable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 seemed	xcomp
19	as	as	ADP	_	22 evening	case
20	on	on	ADP	_	22 evening	case
21	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 evening	det
22	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 miserable	obl
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not have	past		his age		tree rules
2	grumble speech: other	past · progressive	he		always property	vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	seem	past	grumbling		however, miserable property	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme

Sentence 2: “I'll take a hackney-coach!” thought he.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 take	nsubj
3	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 take	aux
4	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 thought	ccomp
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 coach	det
6	hackney	hackney	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 coach	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 hackney	punct
8	coach	coach	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 take	obj
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
10	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
11	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 thought	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 thought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	future	I	a hackney coach					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coach=Theme
2	think speech: other	past		he					vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent he=Attribute clause=Theme

Example 3

“By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustling towards him. “I've felt so queer all of a sudden; would you have the goodness to send for a hackney-coach to take me to Christianshafen?”

From Andersen's Fairy Tales.

Sentence 1: “By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustling towards him.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	4 leave	punct
2	By	by	ADP	_	4 leave	case
3	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 leave	nmod:poss
4	leave	leave	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 leave	punct
6	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 leave	punct
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Councillor	det
9	Councillor	councillor	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 said	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 Hostess	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Hostess	det
12	Hostess	Hostess	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 came	punct
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 came	nsubj
15	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 Hostess	acl:relcl
16	bustling	bustle	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 came	xcomp
17	towards	towards	ADP	_	18 him	case
18	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 bustling	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	your leave	the Councillor	the Hostess		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent councillor=Topic to hostess=Recipient
2	come	past	the Hostess				tree rules
3	bustle	gerund	the Hostess not said here			towards leave	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards he=Destination

Sentence 2: “I've felt so queer all of a sudden; would you have the goodness to send for a hackney-coach to take me to Christianshafen?”

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	4 felt	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 felt	nsubj
3	've	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 felt	aux
4	felt	feel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 queer	advmod
6	queer	queer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 felt	xcomp
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 queer	appos
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 sudden	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sudden	det
10	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 all	nmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 have	punct
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 have	aux
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 have	nsubj
14	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 felt	ccomp
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 goodness	det
16	goodness	goodness	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 have	obj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 send	mark
18	send	send	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 goodness	acl
19	for	for	ADP	_	23 coach	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 coach	det
21	hackney	hackney	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 coach	compound
22	-	-	PUNCT	_	21 hackney	punct
23	coach	coach	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 send	obl
24	to	to	PART	_	25 take	mark
25	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 send	advcl
26	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 take	obj
27	to	to	ADP	_	28 Christianshafen	case
28	Christianshafen	Christianshafen	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 take	obl
29	?	?	PUNCT	_	14 have	punct
30	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 felt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	feel in a quote	present · perfect	your leave = leave			queer property	vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	have in a quote	would	you	the goodness			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goodness=Patient
3	send in a quote	to-infinitive	you not said here	the goodness not said here		for a hackney coach	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	take in a quote	to-infinitive	you not said here	your leave = leave	Christianshafen		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme to christianshafen=Destination

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/H/hackney/