shalt
Who acts: thou · What happens: use, make, not turn away · To what, where: You, settings, Thou, thee
«shalt» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shalt in the Early Modern English dictionary.
Meaning 1
You will, or you must (used as a command or promise).
The tree, 11 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 used | nsubj |
| 2 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 used | aux |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 used | punct |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 used | cc |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 used | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 used | aux |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 used | punct |
| 8 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 command | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 command | det |
| 11 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 used | obl |
| 12 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 promise | cc |
| 13 | promise | promise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 command | conj |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 13 promise | punct |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 used | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | must · future · passive | You | as a command or promise | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as command=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
And thou shalt make settings of gold;
From Torah EXO.28.13, JPS 1917.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 make | cc |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 make | nsubj |
| 3 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 4 make | aux |
| 4 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | settings | setting | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 make | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 gold | case |
| 7 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 settings | nmod |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 4 make | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | shall | thou | settings of gold | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset setting=Product |
Example 2
Thou shalt not be turned away.
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 turned | nsubj |
| 2 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 5 turned | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 turned | advmod |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 turned | aux:pass |
| 5 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | away | away | ADV | _ | 5 turned | advmod |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 turned | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not turn away | shall · passive | Thou | away property | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Example 3
Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.
From Torah EXO.34.17, JPS 1917.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 make | nsubj |
| 2 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 3 make | aux |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 make | obj |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 gods | det |
| 6 | molten | molten | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 gods | amod |
| 7 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 make | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | shall | Thou | thee | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset thou=Beneficiary god=Product |
Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/S/shalt/