voice
Who acts: sound, they, Boat ahoy, Voice · What happens: make, speak, hearken, mean, obey, come · To what, where: sound, command, QUL · Speech: someone speaks here
«voice» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: voice in the Early Modern English dictionary.
Meaning 1
The sound made when speaking; in "hearken to thy voice" it means a command or word that must be obeyed.
The tree, 20 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sound | det |
| 2 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hearken | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 sound | acl |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 speaking | advmod |
| 5 | speaking | speak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 made | advcl |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 hearken | punct |
| 7 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 9 hearken | mark |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 hearken | punct |
| 9 | hearken | hearken | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 voice | case |
| 11 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 voice | nmod:poss |
| 12 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 means | obl |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 voice | punct |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 means | nsubj |
| 15 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 hearken | parataxis |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 command | det |
| 17 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 means | obj |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 word | cc |
| 19 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 command | conj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 obeyed | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 obeyed | aux |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 obeyed | aux:pass |
| 23 | obeyed | obey | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 command | acl:relcl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 hearken | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | the sound not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | gerund | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | hearken in a quote | infinitive | the sound | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | mean | present | sound | a command or word | to thy voice | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot command=Theme to voice=Attribute | |||
| 5 | obey | must · passive | a command or word | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
And they shall hearken to thy voice.
From Torah EXO.3.18, JPS 1917.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 hearken | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 hearken | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 hearken | aux |
| 4 | hearken | hearken | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 voice | case |
| 6 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 7 voice | nmod:poss |
| 7 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hearken | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hearken | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hearken | shall | they | to thy voice | tree rules |
Example 2
“Boat ahoy!” again came the voice.
From Peter Pan.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 ahoy | punct |
| 2 | Boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ahoy | compound |
| 3 | ahoy | ahoy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | nsubj |
| 4 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 ahoy | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 ahoy | punct |
| 6 | again | again | ADV | _ | 7 came | advmod |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 voice | det |
| 9 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | nsubj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 came | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Boat ahoy | again | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Example 3
The Voice, Spirit and Word are QUL, RUCh.
From Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Voice | det |
| 2 | Voice | Voice | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 QUL | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Spirit | punct |
| 4 | Spirit | Spirit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Voice | conj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Word | cc |
| 6 | Word | Word | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Voice | conj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 QUL | cop |
| 8 | QUL | QUL | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 RUCh | punct |
| 10 | RUCh | RUCh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 QUL | conj |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 QUL | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Voice and Spirit and Word | QUL and RUCh | tree rules |
Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/V/voice/