astonished

Who acts: you, news, I, enemies, His, Upright men · What happens: believe, astonish, bring, dwell, rebuke, turn · To what, where: it, us, land, desolation, enemies, pillars · Speech: someone speaks here

«astonished» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: astonished in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Very surprised, so much that you can hardly believe it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 surprised	advmod
2	surprised	surprised	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 much	punct
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 much	advmod
5	much	much	ADV	_	2 surprised	advmod
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 believe	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 believe	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 believe	aux
9	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	10 believe	advmod
10	believe	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 surprised	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 believe	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 surprised	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	can	you	it				hardly property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb, past — kept apart, not parsed.

Surprised someone very much: «The news astonished us.».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Surprised	surprised	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Surprised	obl
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 much	advmod
4	much	much	ADV	_	1 Surprised	advmod
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 astonished	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 astonished	punct
7	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 news	det
8	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 astonished	nsubj
9	astonished	astonish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Surprised	conj
10	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 astonished	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Surprised	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	1 Surprised	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Surprised	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	astonish in a quote	past	the news	us					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus we=Experiencer

Example 1

And I will bring the land into desolation; and your enemies that dwell therein shall be astonished at it. (Torah LEV.26.32, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And I will bring the land into desolation; and your enemies that dwell therein shall be astonished at it.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 bring	cc
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 bring	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 bring	aux
4	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 land	det
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bring	obj
7	into	into	ADP	_	8 desolation	case
8	desolation	desolation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bring	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 enemies	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 enemies	cc
11	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 enemies	nmod:poss
12	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 astonished	nsubj:pass
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 dwell	nsubj
14	dwell	dwell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 enemies	acl:relcl
15	therein	therein	ADV	_	14 dwell	advmod
16	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 astonished	aux
17	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 astonished	aux:pass
18	astonished	astonish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 bring	parataxis
19	at	at	ADP	_	20 it	case
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 astonished	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bring	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	bring	future	I	the land	desolation		vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent land=Theme into desolation=Destination
2	dwell	present	your enemies			therein property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	astonish	shall · passive		your enemies	desolation		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

Sentence 2: (Torah LEV.26.32, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.26.32	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.26.32	compound
3	LEV.26.32	LEV.26.32	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.26.32	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.26.32	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at His rebuke. (Writings JOB.26.11, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at His rebuke.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pillars	det
2	pillars	pillar	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 astonished	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 tremble	case
4	heaven	heaven	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tremble	compound
5	tremble	tremble	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pillars	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 tremble	cc
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 astonished	aux:pass
8	astonished	astonish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	at	at	ADP	_	11 rebuke	case
10	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 rebuke	nmod:poss
11	rebuke	rebuke	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 astonished	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	astonish	present · passive		the pillars of heaven tremble		His rebuke			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	rebuke		His = he						nom rebuke «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.26.11, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.26.11	JOB.26.11	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.26.11	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.26.11	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

Turn unto me, and be astonished, and lay your hand upon your mouth. (Writings JOB.21.5, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Turn unto me, and be astonished, and lay your hand upon your mouth.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	unto	unto	ADP	_	3 me	case
3	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Turn	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 astonished	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 astonished	cc
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 astonished	cop
7	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Turn	parataxis
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lay	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 lay	cc
10	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Turn	conj
11	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 hand	nmod:poss
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lay	obj
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 mouth	case
14	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 mouth	nmod:poss
15	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lay	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Turn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	turn	imperative	you not said here			unto me	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	is	infinitive				astonished property	tree rules
3	lay	infinitive	you not said here	your hand	your mouth		vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme upon mouth=Destination

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.21.5, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.21.5	JOB.21.5	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.21.5	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.21.5	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Upright men are astonished at this, and the innocent stirreth up himself against the godless. (Writings JOB.17.8, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Upright men are astonished at this, and the innocent stirreth up himself against the godless.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upright	upright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 men	amod
2	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 astonished	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 astonished	cop
4	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 this	case
6	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 astonished	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 stirreth	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 stirreth	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 innocent	det
10	innocent	innocent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 stirreth	nsubj
11	stirreth	stir	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 astonished	conj
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 stirreth	compound:prt
13	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	11 stirreth	obj
14	against	against	ADP	_	16 godless	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 godless	det
16	godless	godless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 stirreth	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Upright men			this		astonished property	tree rules
2	stir up	present	the innocent	himself = he				against the godless	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition himself=Patient

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.17.8, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.17.8	JOB.17.8	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.17.8	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.17.8	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Alice was astonished to see a rabbit take a watch out of its pocket.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alice	Alice	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 astonished	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 astonished	cop
3	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 see	mark
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 astonished	xcomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 rabbit	det
7	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 see	obj
8	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 see	xcomp
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 watch	det
10	watch	watch	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 take	obj
11	out	out	ADP	_	14 pocket	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 pocket	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 pocket	nmod:poss
14	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 take	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	Alice			astonished property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive	Alice not said here	a rabbit			tree rules
3	take	infinitive	a rabbit not said here	a watch	watch's pocket		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent watch=Theme out pocket=Initial_Location

Example 6

We were astonished by the size of the dinosaur skeleton.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 astonished	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 astonished	aux:pass
3	astonished	astonish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 size	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 size	det
6	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 astonished	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 skeleton	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 skeleton	det
9	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 skeleton	compound
10	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 size	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	astonish	past · passive	the size of the dinosaur skeleton	We					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Example 7

Mum was astonished when I tidied my room without being asked.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 astonished	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 astonished	cop
3	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 tidied	advmod
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 tidied	nsubj
6	tidied	tidy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 astonished	conj
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 room	nmod:poss
8	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tidied	obj
9	without	without	SCONJ	_	11 asked	mark
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 asked	aux:pass
11	asked	ask	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 tidied	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	Mum		astonished property	tree rules
2	tidy	past	I	my room		tree rules
3	ask speech: ask	gerund · passive	I not said here			vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»

Example 8

The crowd stared, astonished, at the magician.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crowd	det
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stared	nsubj
3	stared	stare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 astonished	punct
5	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stared	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 magician	punct
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 magician	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 magician	det
9	magician	magician	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stared	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stare	past	the crowd					at the magician; astonished property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at magician=Theme

Example 9

The Mole was astonished by the river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Mole	det
2	Mole	mole	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 astonished	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 astonished	aux:pass
4	astonished	astonish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 river	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 river	det
7	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 astonished	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	astonish	past · passive	the river	the Mole					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Example 10

The results of the experiment astonished the class.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 results	det
2	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 astonished	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 experiment	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 experiment	det
5	experiment	experiment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 results	nmod
6	astonished	astonish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 class	det
8	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 astonished	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 astonished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	astonish	past	the results of the experiment	the class					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus class=Experiencer
2	result			the experiment					nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Example 11

"I am astonished also!" said the General.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 astonished	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 astonished	nsubj
3	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 astonished	cop
4	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 said	parataxis
5	also	also	ADV	_	4 astonished	advmod
6	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 astonished	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 astonished	punct
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 General	det
10	General	General	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 said	nsubj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	the General = general					astonished property	tree rules
2	say speech: express	past	the General						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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