cost Who acts: you, cost, late, bird, king, I · What happens: cost, be, pay, buy, mean, make · To what, where: something, price, amount, you, game, us · Speech: someone speaks here
«cost» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cost in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cost is to have a price: what you must pay to buy something.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj cop mark det obj punct obj nsubj aux conj mark xcomp obj punct root To PART cost VERB is AUX to PART have VERB a DET price NOUN : PUNCT what PRON you PRON must AUX pay VERB to PART buy VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cost mark 2 cost cost VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 have csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 have cop 4 to to PART _ 5 have mark 5 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 price det 7 price price NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 12 pay punct 9 what what PRON PronType=Int 12 pay obj 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 pay nsubj 11 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 pay aux 12 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 have conj 13 to to PART _ 14 buy mark 14 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 pay xcomp 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 buy obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost to-infinitive vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 2 is present have property tree rules 3 pay must you tree rules 4 buy to-infinitive you not said here something vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The cost is the price or the amount paid.
det nsubj cop det cc det conj acl punct root The DET cost NOUN is AUX the DET price NOUN or CCONJ the DET amount NOUN paid VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cost det 2 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 5 price nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 price cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 price det 5 price price NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 amount cc 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 amount det 8 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 5 price conj 9 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 amount acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 price punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the cost the price or the amount tree rules 2 pay participle the amount not said here vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To cost can mean to make you lose something: «Being late cost us the game».
The tree, 15 words case obl aux mark xcomp obj xcomp obj punct punct cop nsubj advcl iobj det obj punct punct root To ADP cost NOUN can AUX mean VERB to PART make VERB you PRON lose VERB something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Being AUX late ADJ cost VERB us PRON the DET game NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to ADP _ 2 cost case 2 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean obl 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 make obj 8 lose lose VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make xcomp 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 lose obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 cost punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 13 late punct 12 Being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 late cop 13 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 14 cost nsubj 14 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 mean advcl 15 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 cost iobj 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 game det 17 game game NOUN Number=Sing 14 cost obj 18 » » PUNCT _ 14 cost punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can to cost vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 make not said to happen to-infinitive you tree rules 3 lose not said to happen infinitive you not said here something vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 is in a quote gerund late property tree rules 5 cost in a quote present late the game us vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme we=Beneficiary game=Value
Example 1 Till an arrow strike through his liver; as a bird hasteneth to the snare — and knoweth not that it is at the cost of his life. (Writings PRO.7.23, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Till an arrow strike through his liver; as a bird hasteneth to the snare — and knoweth not that it is at the cost of his life.
The tree, 26 words case det compound case nmod:poss nmod punct mark det nsubj parataxis case det obl punct cc conj advmod mark nsubj cop case det ccomp case nmod:poss nmod punct root Till ADP an DET arrow NOUN strike NOUN through ADP his PRON liver NOUN ; PUNCT as SCONJ a DET bird NOUN hasteneth VERB to ADP the DET snare NOUN — PUNCT and CCONJ knoweth VERB not PART that SCONJ it PRON is AUX at ADP the DET cost NOUN of ADP his PRON life NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Till till ADP _ 4 strike case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 strike det 3 arrow arrow NOUN Number=Sing 4 strike compound 4 strike strike NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 through through ADP _ 7 liver case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 liver nmod:poss 7 liver liver NOUN Number=Sing 4 strike nmod 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 hasteneth punct 9 as as SCONJ _ 12 hasteneth mark 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 bird det 11 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 12 hasteneth nsubj 12 hasteneth hasten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 strike parataxis 13 to to ADP _ 15 snare case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 snare det 15 snare snare NOUN Number=Sing 12 hasteneth obl 16 — - PUNCT _ 18 knoweth punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 knoweth cc 18 knoweth know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 hasteneth conj 19 not not PART Polarity=Neg 18 knoweth advmod 20 that that SCONJ _ 25 cost mark 21 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 cost nsubj 22 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 25 cost cop 23 at at ADP _ 25 cost case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 cost det 25 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 18 knoweth ccomp 26 of of ADP _ 28 life case 27 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 28 life nmod:poss 28 life life NOUN Number=Sing 25 cost nmod 29 . . PUNCT _ 4 strike punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hasten present a bird the snare vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to snare=Destination 2 not know present a bird not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 is present bird the cost of his life tree rules
Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.7.23, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PRO.7.23 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PRO.7.23 PRO.7.23 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PRO.7.23 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PRO.7.23 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 And king David said to Ornan: 'Nay, but I will verily buy it for the full price; for I will not take that which is thine for the LORD, nor offer a burnt-offering without cost.' (Writings 1CH.21.24, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And king David said to Ornan: 'Nay, but I will verily buy it for the full price; for I will not take that which is thine for the LORD, nor offer a burnt-offering without cost.'
The tree, 36 words cc nsubj appos case obl punct punct obj punct cc nsubj aux advmod conj obj case det amod obl punct mark nsubj aux advmod ccomp nsubj nsubj cop obj case det obl punct cc conj det amod punct advcl case obl punct punct root And CCONJ king NOUN David PROPN said VERB to ADP Ornan PROPN : PUNCT ' PUNCT Nay INTJ , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON will AUX verily ADV buy VERB it PRON for ADP the DET full ADJ price NOUN ; PUNCT for SCONJ I PRON will AUX not PART take VERB that PRON which PRON is AUX thine PRON for ADP the DET LORD PROPN , PUNCT nor CCONJ offer VERB a DET burnt ADJ - PUNCT offering VERB without ADP cost NOUN . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 4 said cc 2 king king NOUN Number=Sing 4 said nsubj 3 David David PROPN Number=Sing 2 king appos 4 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 Ornan case 6 Ornan Ornan PROPN Number=Sing 4 said obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 Nay punct 8 ' ' PUNCT _ 9 Nay punct 9 Nay nay INTJ _ 4 said obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 15 buy punct 11 but but CCONJ _ 15 buy cc 12 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 buy nsubj 13 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 buy aux 14 verily verily ADV _ 15 buy advmod 15 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 said conj 16 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 buy obj 17 for for ADP _ 20 price case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 price det 19 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 20 price amod 20 price price NOUN Number=Sing 15 buy obl 21 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 take punct 22 for for SCONJ _ 26 take mark 23 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 26 take nsubj 24 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 26 take aux 25 not not PART Polarity=Neg 26 take advmod 26 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 said ccomp 27 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 30 thine nsubj 28 which which PRON PronType=Rel 30 thine nsubj 29 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 30 thine cop 30 thine thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 26 take obj 31 for for ADP _ 33 LORD case 32 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 33 LORD det 33 LORD LORD PROPN Number=Sing 26 take obl 34 , , PUNCT _ 36 offer punct 35 nor nor CCONJ Polarity=Neg 36 offer cc 36 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 26 take conj 37 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 40 offering det 38 burnt burnt ADJ Degree=Pos 40 offering amod 39 - - PUNCT _ 38 burnt punct 40 offering offer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 36 offer advcl 41 without without ADP _ 42 cost case 42 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 40 offering obl 43 . . PUNCT _ 26 take punct 44 ' ' PUNCT _ 26 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past king Ornan tree rules 2 buy future I it for the full price; verily property vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Theme for price=Beneficiary 3 not take future I for the LORD vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for lord=Beneficiary 4 is a present that thine tree rules 5 offer infinitive I not said here vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 6 offer gerund I not said here without cost vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (Writings 1CH.21.24, JPS 1917)
punct flat punct nmod:unmarked conj punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN 1CH.21.24 NUM , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 1CH.21.24 1CH.21.24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Writings flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 1917 punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 6 1917 nmod:unmarked 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 1CH.21.24 conj 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 A pencil costs 3 cents.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET pencil NOUN costs VERB 3 NUM cents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pencil det 2 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 3 costs nsubj 3 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 cents nummod 5 cents cent NOUN Number=Plur 3 costs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present a pencil 3 cents vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cent=Value
Example 4 Pencils cost 3 cents each. How much do 5 pencils cost?
Sentence 1: Pencils cost 3 cents each.
nsubj nummod obj nmod punct root Pencils NOUN cost VERB 3 NUM cents NOUN each DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pencils pencil NOUN Number=Plur 2 cost nsubj 2 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cents nummod 4 cents cent NOUN Number=Plur 2 cost obj 5 each each DET PronType=Tot 4 cents nmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present Pencils 3 cents each vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cent=Value
Sentence 2: How much do 5 pencils cost?
advmod obj nummod compound obj punct root How ADV much ADJ do VERB 5 NUM pencils NOUN cost NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 do obj 3 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pencils nummod 5 pencils pencil NOUN Number=Plur 6 cost compound 6 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 3 do obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present much tree rules
Example 5 The total cost is 24 cents.
det amod nsubj cop nummod punct root The DET total ADJ cost NOUN is AUX 24 NUM cents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cost det 2 total total ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cost amod 3 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 6 cents nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cents cop 5 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 cents nummod 6 cents cent NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 cents punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the total cost 24 cents tree rules
Example 6 How much does this book cost?
advmod nsubj det compound obj punct root How ADV much ADJ does VERB this DET book VERB cost NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 does nsubj 3 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 cost det 5 book book VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cost compound 6 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 3 does obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present much this book cost vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cost=Eventuality 2 book infinitive vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The tickets cost 8 dollars each.
det nsubj nummod obj nmod:unmarked punct root The DET tickets NOUN cost VERB 8 NUM dollars NOUN each DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tickets det 2 tickets ticket NOUN Number=Plur 3 cost nsubj 3 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 cost obj 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 5 dollars nmod:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present the tickets 8 dollars each vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 8 The bike cost more than the scooter.
det nsubj obj case det obl punct root The DET bike NOUN cost VERB more ADJ than ADP the DET scooter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bike det 2 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost nsubj 3 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 cost obj 5 than than ADP _ 7 scooter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 scooter det 7 scooter scooter NOUN Number=Sing 4 more obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present the bike more vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value
Example 9 The cost of food went up this year.
det nsubj case nmod compound:prt det obl:unmarked punct root The DET cost NOUN of ADP food NOUN went VERB up ADP this DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cost det 2 cost cost NOUN Number=Sing 5 went nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 food case 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 cost nmod 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 went compound:prt 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 year det 8 year year NOUN Number=Sing 5 went obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go up past the cost of food year vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 cost food nom cost «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 10 One mistake cost us the match.
nummod nsubj iobj det obj punct root One NUM mistake NOUN cost VERB us PRON the DET match NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 mistake nummod 2 mistake mistake NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost nsubj 3 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 cost iobj 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 match det 6 match match NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost past One mistake the match us vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme we=Beneficiary match=Value
Example 11 "Will it cost much, I wonder?"
punct aux nsubj advmod punct nsubj parataxis punct punct root " PUNCT Will AUX it PRON cost VERB much ADV , PUNCT I PRON wonder VERB ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 cost punct 2 Will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 cost aux 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 cost nsubj 4 cost cost VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 much much ADV _ 4 cost advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 wonder punct 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 wonder nsubj 8 wonder wonder VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 cost parataxis 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 cost punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 4 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost in a quote future it vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 2 wonder speech: ask in a quote present I vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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