darken

Who acts: it, I, sun, you, face, leaves · What happens: become, make, not darken, mean, not come, come · To what, where: something, door, house, Lord GOD, sun, earth · Speech: someone speaks here

«darken» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: darken in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

To become darker or to make something darker.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 become	mark
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	darker	dark	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 become	xcomp
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 make	cc
5	to	to	PART	_	6 make	mark
6	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 become	conj
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 make	obj
8	darker	dark	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 make	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 become	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	to-infinitive						dark property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive		something				dark property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To become sad, angry or less hopeful, as a face or mood can.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 become	mark
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 become	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 angry	punct
5	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sad	conj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 hopeful	cc
7	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 hopeful	advmod
8	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sad	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 can	punct
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 can	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 face	det
12	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 can	nsubj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 mood	cc
14	mood	mood	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 face	conj
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	2 become	advcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 can	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	to-infinitive						sad property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Meaning 3

Usage: idiom — kept apart, not parsed.

Never darken my door again means never come to my house again.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 darken	advmod
2	darken	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 means	csubj
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 door	nmod:poss
4	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 darken	obj
5	again	again	ADV	_	2 darken	advmod
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 come	advmod
8	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 means	xcomp
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 house	case
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 house	nmod:poss
11	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 come	obl
12	again	again	ADV	_	8 come	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	not darken	infinitive	my door		again	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient
2	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	not come not said to happen	infinitive		my house	again	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to house=Initial_Location

Example 1

And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord GOD, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the clear day. (Prophets AMO.8.9, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord GOD, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the clear day.

The tree, 34 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 come	cc
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 come	nsubj
3	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 come	aux
4	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 pass	mark
6	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 come	xcomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pass	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 saith	punct
11	saith	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 come	parataxis
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 GOD	det
13	Lord	Lord	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 GOD	compound
14	GOD	GOD	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 saith	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 cause	punct
16	that	that	SCONJ	_	19 cause	mark
17	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 cause	nsubj
18	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 cause	aux
19	cause	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 saith	conj
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 sun	det
21	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 cause	obj
22	to	to	PART	_	23 go	mark
23	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 cause	xcomp
24	down	down	ADV	_	23 go	advmod
25	at	at	ADP	_	26 noon	case
26	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 go	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 darken	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 darken	cc
29	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 darken	nsubj
30	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 darken	aux
31	darken	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 come	conj
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 earth	det
33	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 darken	obj
34	in	in	ADP	_	37 day	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 day	det
36	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 day	amod
37	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 darken	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	come	shall	it				tree rules
2	pass	to-infinitive			day		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	say speech: assert	present		the Lord GOD			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent god=Topic
4	cause	future	I	the sun			tree rules
5	go down	to-infinitive	the sun not said here		noon	down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
6	darken	future	I	the earth	day		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent earth=Patient

Sentence 2: (Prophets AMO.8.9, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	AMO.8.9	AMO.8.9	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 AMO.8.9	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 AMO.8.9	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The sky darkened before the storm.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sky	det
2	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	darkened	darken	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sky	acl
4	before	before	ADP	_	6 storm	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 storm	det
6	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 darkened	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sky	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	darken	participle		the sky not said here			before the storm		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 3

Close the blinds to darken the room for the film.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Close	close	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 blinds	det
3	blinds	blind	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Close	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 darken	mark
5	darken	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Close	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 room	det
7	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 darken	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 film	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 film	det
10	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 room	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Close	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	close	imperative	you not said here	the blinds					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blind=Patient
2	darken	to-infinitive	you not said here	the room				for the film	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent room=Patient

Example 4

Add a little black to darken the paint.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Add	add	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 little	det
3	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 black	obl:unmarked
4	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Add	parataxis
5	to	to	PART	_	6 darken	mark
6	darken	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 black	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 paint	det
8	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 darken	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Add	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	imperative	you not said here						vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	darken	to-infinitive	you not said here	the paint					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paint=Patient

Example 5

His face darkened when he heard the bad news.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 face	nmod:poss
2	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 darkened	nsubj
3	darkened	darken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 heard	advmod
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 heard	nsubj
6	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 darkened	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 news	det
8	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 news	amod
9	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 heard	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 darkened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	darken	past	His face						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	hear	past	face	the bad news					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus

Example 6

The leaves darken in late summer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 leaves	det
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 darken	nsubj
3	darken	darken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 summer	case
5	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 summer	amod
6	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 darken	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 darken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	darken	present	the leaves				summer		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 7

As the sun went down, the forest darkened.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	SCONJ	_	4 went	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sun	det
3	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 went	nsubj
4	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 darkened	advcl
5	down	down	ADV	_	4 went	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 went	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 forest	det
8	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 darkened	nsubj
9	darkened	darken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 darkened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go down	past	the sun					down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	darken	past	the forest						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 8

At last the day began to darken, and the evening came; still he had caught not a single fish.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	4 day	case
2	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 day	amod
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 day	det
4	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 began	obl
5	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 darken	mark
7	darken	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 began	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 came	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 came	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 evening	det
11	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 came	nsubj
12	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 began	advcl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 caught	punct
14	still	still	ADV	_	17 caught	advmod
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 caught	nsubj:pass
16	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 caught	aux
17	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 began	parataxis
18	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 fish	advmod
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 fish	det
20	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 fish	amod
21	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 caught	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past			day		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	darken	to-infinitive					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	come	past	the evening				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	catch	past · perfect · passive		he	still	a single fish obl	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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