finite Who acts: Finite, finite verb, verb, she, word, syntax · What happens: mean, have, not go on, be, show, agree · To what, where: end, verb, tense, finite verb, finite, true infinite · Speech: someone speaks here
«finite» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: finite in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Finite means having an end or a limit; not going on forever.
nsubj xcomp det obj cc det conj punct advmod conj compound:prt advmod punct root Finite NOUN means VERB having VERB an DET end NOUN or CCONJ a DET limit NOUN ; PUNCT not PART going VERB on ADP forever ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Finite finite NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 end det 5 end end NOUN Number=Sing 3 having obj 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 limit cc 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 limit det 8 limit limit NOUN Number=Sing 5 end conj 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 going punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 going advmod 11 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means conj 12 on on ADP _ 11 going compound:prt 13 forever forever ADV _ 11 going advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Finite vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have not said to happen gerund Finite not said here a end or a limit vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Patient 3 not go on gerund Finite not said here forever property vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
A finite verb is a verb that shows tense and agrees with its subject, as in «she runs».
The tree, 18 words det amod nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj case nmod:poss obl punct mark fixed punct nsubj parataxis punct punct root A DET finite ADJ verb NOUN is AUX a DET verb NOUN that PRON shows VERB tense NOUN and CCONJ agrees VERB with ADP its PRON subject NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT she PRON runs VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 verb det 2 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 3 verb amod 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 verb nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 verb cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 verb det 6 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 shows nsubj 8 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 verb acl:relcl 9 tense tense NOUN Number=Sing 8 shows obj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 agrees cc 11 agrees agree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 shows conj 12 with with ADP _ 14 subject case 13 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 subject nmod:poss 14 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 11 agrees obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 20 runs punct 16 as as SCONJ _ 20 runs mark 17 in in ADP _ 16 as fixed 18 « « PUNCT _ 20 runs punct 19 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 runs nsubj 20 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 shows parataxis 21 » » PUNCT _ 20 runs punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 verb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a finite verb a verb tree rules 2 show present a verb tense vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent tense=Recipient clause=Topic 3 agree speech: agree present a verb not said here with verb's subject vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with subject=Co-Agent 4 run in a quote present she vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The word סָפַר safar is technically a finite verb, and not a noun as the syntax requires. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: The word סָפַר safar is technically a finite verb, and not a noun as the syntax requires.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj compound appos cop advmod det amod punct cc advmod det parataxis mark det nsubj advcl punct root The DET word NOUN סָפַר NOUN safar NOUN is AUX technically ADV a DET finite ADJ verb NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ not PART a DET noun NOUN as SCONJ the DET syntax NOUN requires VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 9 verb nsubj 3 סָפַר סָפַר NOUN Number=Sing 4 safar compound 4 safar safar NOUN Number=Sing 2 word appos 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 verb cop 6 technically technically ADV _ 9 verb advmod 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 verb det 8 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 9 verb amod 9 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 noun punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 noun cc 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 noun advmod 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 noun det 14 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 9 verb parataxis 15 as as SCONJ _ 18 requires mark 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 syntax det 17 syntax syntax NOUN Number=Sing 18 requires nsubj 18 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 noun advcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 verb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the word a finite verb technically property tree rules 2 require present the syntax vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
punct flat punct compound compound appos punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Sefaria PROPN community NOUN translation NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 translation punct 5 Sefaria Sefaria PROPN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 6 community community NOUN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 7 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 2 Sefer appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 Since One, 1 is the finite, the Zero, 0 is the true infinite of the Pythagoreans. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: Since One, 1 is the finite, the Zero, 0 is the true infinite of the Pythagoreans.
The tree, 16 words case nsubj punct flat cop det punct det appos punct nsubj cop det amod conj case det nmod punct root Since ADP One NUM , PUNCT 1 NUM is AUX the DET finite NOUN , PUNCT the DET Zero PROPN , PUNCT 0 NUM is AUX the DET true ADJ infinite NOUN of ADP the DET Pythagoreans PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Since since ADP _ 2 One case 2 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 finite nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 One punct 4 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 One flat 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 finite cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 finite det 7 finite finite NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 Zero punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Zero det 10 Zero Zero PROPN Number=Sing 7 finite appos 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 infinite punct 12 0 0 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 infinite nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 infinite cop 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 infinite det 15 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 16 infinite amod 16 infinite infinite NOUN Number=Sing 7 finite conj 17 of of ADP _ 19 Pythagoreans case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 Pythagoreans det 19 Pythagoreans Pythagorean PROPN Number=Plur 16 infinite nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 finite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present One the finite and the true infinite tree rules 2 is a present 0 the true infinite of the Pythagoreans tree rules
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Chaos .signified in the ancient cosmogonies the vacant, in- finite space out of which sprang all things that exist. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: Chaos .signified in the ancient cosmogonies the vacant, in- finite space out of which sprang all things that exist.
The tree, 19 words nsubj punct case det amod obl det amod punct case punct amod obl case case nsubj acl:relcl det obj nsubj acl:relcl punct root Chaos NOUN . PUNCT signified VERB in ADP the DET ancient ADJ cosmogonies NOUN the DET vacant ADJ , PUNCT in ADP - PUNCT finite ADJ space NOUN out ADP of ADP which PRON sprang VERB all DET things NOUN that PRON exist VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chaos chaos NOUN Number=Sing 3 signified nsubj 2 . . PUNCT _ 1 Chaos punct 3 signified signify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 cosmogonies case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cosmogonies det 6 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cosmogonies amod 7 cosmogonies cosmogony NOUN Number=Plur 3 signified obl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 vacant det 9 vacant vacant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cosmogonies amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 space punct 11 in in ADP _ 14 space case 12 - - PUNCT _ 11 in punct 13 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 14 space amod 14 space space NOUN Number=Sing 3 signified obl 15 out out ADP _ 17 which case 16 of of ADP _ 17 which case 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 18 sprang nsubj 18 sprang spring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 space acl:relcl 19 all all DET PronType=Tot 20 things det 20 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 18 sprang obj 21 that that PRON PronType=Rel 22 exist nsubj 22 exist exist VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 things acl:relcl 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 signified punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 signify past Chaos in finite space; in the ancient cosmogonies vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in cosmogony=Attribute 2 spring past finite space all things vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location thing=Theme 3 exist present all things vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The Earth has finite supplies of oil.
det nsubj amod obj case nmod punct root The DET Earth PROPN has VERB finite ADJ supplies NOUN of ADP oil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Earth det 2 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 5 supplies amod 5 supplies supplies NOUN Number=Ptan 3 has obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 oil case 7 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 5 supplies nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the Earth finite supplies of oil vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supplies=Patient
Example 5 Our time on the trip is finite, so let's hurry.
nmod:poss nsubj case det nmod cop punct advmod parataxis obj xcomp punct root Our PRON time NOUN on ADP the DET trip NOUN is AUX finite ADJ , PUNCT so ADV let VERB 's PRON hurry VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 time nmod:poss 2 time time NOUN Number=Sing 7 finite nsubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 trip case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trip det 5 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 2 time nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 finite cop 7 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 let punct 9 so so ADV _ 10 let advmod 10 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 finite parataxis 11 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 let obj 12 hurry hurry VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 let xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 finite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Our time on the trip finite property tree rules 2 let infinitive 's tree rules 3 hurry infinitive 's not said here vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 A finite set has an end, like the days of the week.
det amod nsubj det obj punct case det parataxis case det nmod punct root A DET finite ADJ set NOUN has VERB an DET end NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET days NOUN of ADP the DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 set det 2 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 3 set amod 3 set set NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 end det 6 end end NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 days punct 8 like like ADP _ 10 days case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 days det 10 days day NOUN Number=Plur 4 has parataxis 11 of of ADP _ 13 week case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 week det 13 week week NOUN Number=Sing 10 days nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a finite set a end vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Patient
Example 7 The counting numbers are infinite, not finite.
det compound nsubj cop punct advmod conj punct root The DET counting NOUN numbers NOUN are AUX infinite ADJ , PUNCT not PART finite ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 numbers det 2 counting counting NOUN Number=Sing 3 numbers compound 3 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 5 infinite nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 infinite cop 5 infinite infinite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 finite punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 finite advmod 8 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 5 infinite conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 infinite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the counting numbers infinite property tree rules 2 not be the counting numbers not said here tree rules
Example 8 In «She sings», «sings» is a finite verb.
mark punct nsubj advcl punct punct punct parataxis punct cop det amod punct root In SCONJ « PUNCT She PRON sings VERB » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT sings VERB » PUNCT is AUX a DET finite ADJ verb NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in SCONJ _ 4 sings mark 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 sings punct 3 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 sings nsubj 4 sings sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 sings advcl 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 sings punct 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 sings punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 sings punct 8 sings sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 verb parataxis 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 sings punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 verb cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 verb det 12 finite finite ADJ Degree=Pos 13 verb amod 13 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 . . PUNCT _ 13 verb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express in a quote present She vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location 2 sing speech: express in a quote present vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 is a present a finite verb tree rules
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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