offence
Who acts: offence, act, someone, players, polite phrase, you · What happens: be, break, insult, say, do, attack · To what, where: crime, law, feeling, team, polite phrase, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«offence» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: offence in the Judaism dictionary.
Meaning 1
An offence is a crime or an act that breaks a law or rule.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 offence | det |
| 2 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 crime | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 crime | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 crime | det |
| 5 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 act | cc |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 act | det |
| 8 | act | act | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 crime | conj |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 breaks | nsubj |
| 10 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 act | acl:relcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 law | det |
| 12 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 breaks | obj |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 rule | cc |
| 14 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 law | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 crime | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a offence | a crime or a act | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | break | present | a act | a law or rule | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
Offence is the feeling of being upset or insulted by what someone says or does.
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 feeling | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 feeling | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 feeling | det |
| 4 | feeling | feeling | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 upset | case |
| 6 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 upset | cop |
| 7 | upset | upset | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 feeling | nmod |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 insulted | cc |
| 9 | insulted | insult | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 upset | conj |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 what | case |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 insulted | obl |
| 12 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 13 says | nsubj |
| 13 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 what | acl:relcl |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 does | cc |
| 15 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 says | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 feeling | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Offence | the feeling | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | gerund | upset property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | insult | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | someone | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | do | present | someone not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Meaning 3
Usage: US «offense», sport — kept apart, not parsed.
The offence is the team or players who are attacking and trying to score.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 offence | det |
| 2 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 team | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 team | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 team | det |
| 5 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 players | cc |
| 7 | players | player | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 team | conj |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 attacking | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 attacking | aux |
| 10 | attacking | attack | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 players | acl:relcl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 trying | cc |
| 12 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 attacking | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 score | mark |
| 14 | score | score | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 trying | xcomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 team | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the offence | the team or players | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | attack | present · progressive | players | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | try | gerund | players not said here | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | score not said to happen | to-infinitive | players not said here | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Meaning 4
"No offence" is a polite phrase that asks someone not to be upset by what you are about to say.
The tree, 20 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 offence | punct |
| 2 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 offence | det |
| 3 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 phrase | nsubj |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 offence | punct |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 phrase | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 phrase | det |
| 7 | polite | polite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 phrase | amod |
| 8 | phrase | phrase | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 asks | nsubj |
| 10 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 phrase | acl:relcl |
| 11 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 asks | obj |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 upset | advmod |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 upset | mark |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 upset | cop |
| 15 | upset | upset | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 asks | parataxis |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 what | case |
| 17 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 upset | obl |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 about | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 about | cop |
| 20 | about | about | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 what | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 say | mark |
| 22 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 about | xcomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 phrase | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | no offence | a polite phrase | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present | a polite phrase | someone | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | not is | to-infinitive | upset property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is | present | you | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
Example 1
If the spirit of the ruler rise up against thee, leave not thy place; for gentleness allayeth great offences. (Writings ECC.10.4, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: If the spirit of the ruler rise up against thee, leave not thy place; for gentleness allayeth great offences.
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 7 rise | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 spirit | det |
| 3 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rise | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 ruler | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 ruler | det |
| 6 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spirit | nmod |
| 7 | rise | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 leave | advcl |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 rise | compound:prt |
| 9 | against | against | ADP | _ | 10 thee | case |
| 10 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 7 rise | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 rise | punct |
| 12 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 leave | advmod |
| 14 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 place | nmod:poss |
| 15 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leave | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 allayeth | punct |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 gentleness | case |
| 18 | gentleness | gentleness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 allayeth | obl |
| 19 | allayeth | allay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 leave | advcl |
| 20 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 offences | amod |
| 21 | offences | offence | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 allayeth | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 leave | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise up a condition, not said to happen | infinitive | the spirit of the ruler | thee | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against thou=Location | ||||
| 2 | not leave | imperative | you not said here | thy place | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | ||||
| 3 | allay | present | you not said here | great offences | for gentleness | tree rules |
Sentence 2: (Writings ECC.10.4, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | ECC.10.4 | ECC.10.4 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ECC.10.4 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 ECC.10.4 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2
that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself. (Prophets 1SA.25.31, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.
The tree, 33 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 block | mark |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 block | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 block | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 block | cop |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 block | det |
| 6 | stumbling | stumbling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 block | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 stumbling | punct |
| 8 | block | block | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 10 thee | case |
| 10 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 block | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 offence | punct |
| 12 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 13 offence | cc |
| 13 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 block | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 heart | case |
| 15 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 offence | nmod |
| 16 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 18 lord | case |
| 17 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 lord | nmod:poss |
| 18 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 offence | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 redress | punct |
| 20 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 35 redress | cc:preconj |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 hast | mark |
| 22 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 hast | nsubj |
| 23 | hast | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 redress | advcl |
| 24 | shed | shed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 blood | amod |
| 25 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hast | obj |
| 26 | without | without | ADP | _ | 27 cause | case |
| 27 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hast | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 found | punct |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 found | cc |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 found | mark |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 lord | nmod:poss |
| 32 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 found | nsubj |
| 33 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 found | aux:pass |
| 34 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 redress | amod |
| 35 | redress | redress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 block | conj |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 himself | case |
| 37 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 35 redress | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 block | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | shall | this | no stumbling block nor offence of heart unto my lord either found redress for lord | unto thee | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | present | thou | shed blood | without cause | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Patient | |||
| 3 | shed | participle | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | ||||||
| 4 | find | present · passive | my lord | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 5 | offend | heart | unto my lord | nom offence «act transitive»: of=patient unto=obl |
Sentence 2: (Prophets 1SA.25.31, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
| 2 | Prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | 1SA.25.31 | 1SA.25.31 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 Prophets | flat |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 1917 | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 1917 | nmod:unmarked |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 1SA.25.31 | conj |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3
And He shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. (Prophets ISA.8.14, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And He shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
The tree, 37 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 sanctuary | cc |
| 2 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 sanctuary | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 sanctuary | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 sanctuary | cop |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 sanctuary | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 sanctuary | det |
| 7 | sanctuary | sanctuary | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 stone | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 stone | cc |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 stone | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 stone | det |
| 12 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sanctuary | conj |
| 13 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 14 stumbling | mark |
| 14 | stumbling | stumble | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 stone | acl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 rock | cc |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 rock | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 rock | det |
| 18 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stumbling | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 offence | case |
| 20 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 rock | nmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 houses | case |
| 22 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 24 houses | cc:preconj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 houses | det |
| 24 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 stumbling | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Israel | case |
| 26 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 houses | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 gin | punct |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 gin | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 gin | det |
| 30 | gin | gin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stumbling | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 snare | cc |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 snare | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 snare | det |
| 34 | snare | snare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 gin | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 inhabitants | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 inhabitants | det |
| 37 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 snare | nmod |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Jerusalem | case |
| 39 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 inhabitants | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 sanctuary | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | shall | He | for a sanctuary but a stone | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stumble | gerund | a stone not said here | the houses of Israel | for a gin and a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to house=Destination |
Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.8.14, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
| 2 | Prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | ISA.8.14 | ISA.8.14 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Prophets | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ISA.8.14 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 ISA.8.14 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4
Dropping litter is an offence in many towns.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dropping | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 offence | csubj |
| 2 | litter | litter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Dropping | obj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 offence | cop |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 offence | det |
| 5 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 towns | case |
| 7 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 towns | amod |
| 8 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 offence | nmod |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 offence | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | gerund | litter | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litter=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | Dropping | a offence | many towns | tree rules |
Example 5
It is an offence to drive without a licence.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 offence | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 offence | cop |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 offence | det |
| 4 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 drive | mark |
| 6 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 offence | acl |
| 7 | without | without | ADP | _ | 9 licence | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 licence | det |
| 9 | licence | licence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 drive | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 offence | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | It | a offence | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | drive | to-infinitive | without a licence | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
Example 6
No offence, but I don't like your hat.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 offence | det |
| 2 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 like | nsubj:outer |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 like | punct |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 like | cc |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 like | nsubj |
| 6 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 like | aux |
| 7 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 like | advmod |
| 8 | like | like | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 hat | nmod:poss |
| 10 | hat | hat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 like | obj |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 like | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not like | present · do-support | no offence | your hat | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme |
Example 7
She took offence at his rude joke.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 joke | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 joke | nmod:poss |
| 6 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 joke | amod |
| 7 | joke | joke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | She | offence | his rude joke | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent offence=Theme at joke=Asset | |||
| 2 | joke | his = he | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
Example 8
Since it was his first offence, he only got a warning.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | SCONJ | _ | 6 offence | mark |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 offence | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 offence | cop |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 offence | nmod:poss |
| 5 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 offence | amod |
| 6 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 got | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 offence | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 got | nsubj |
| 9 | only | only | ADV | _ | 10 got | advmod |
| 10 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 warning | det |
| 12 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 got | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 got | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | it | his first offence | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | get | past | he | a warning | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer warning=Stimulus |
Example 9
Our team's offence scored three touchdowns. (US)
Sentence 1: Our team's offence scored three touchdowns.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 team | nmod:poss |
| 2 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 offence | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 team | case |
| 4 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 scored | nsubj |
| 5 | scored | score | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 touchdowns | nummod |
| 7 | touchdowns | touchdown | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 scored | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 scored | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | score | past | Our team's offence | three touchdowns | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent touchdown=Theme | ||||
| 2 | offend | Our team | nom offence «act transitive»: poss=agent |
Sentence 2: (US)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 US | punct |
| 2 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 US | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10
I didn't mean to cause offence.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 mean | nsubj |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 mean | advmod |
| 4 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 cause | mark |
| 6 | cause | cause | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 mean | xcomp |
| 7 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 cause | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 mean | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not mean | past · do-support | I | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | cause not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | offence | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition offence=Patient |
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/offence/