perplexity

Who acts: Perplexity, it, Kir, best, most upright, thy · What happens: be, puzzle, not know, think, do, shout · To what, where: state, Shoa, mount, brier, perplexity, great perplexity · Speech: someone speaks here

«perplexity» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perplexity in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Perplexity is a state of being puzzled and not knowing what to think or do.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 state	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 state	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 state	det
4	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 puzzled	mark
6	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 puzzled	aux:pass
7	puzzled	puzzle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 state	acl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 knowing	cc
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 knowing	advmod
10	knowing	know	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 puzzled	conj
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 think	obj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 think	mark
13	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 knowing	ccomp
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 do	cc
15	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 think	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 state	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	Perplexity	a state	tree rules
2	puzzle	gerund · passive		a state not said here	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
3	not know	gerund			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	think speech: other	to-infinitive			vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme
5	do	infinitive			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

A puzzling thing or problem.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 thing	det
2	puzzling	puzzling	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 thing	amod
3	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 problem	cc
5	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 thing	conj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 thing	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

For it is a day of trouble, and of trampling, and of perplexity, from the Lord, the GOD of hosts, in the Valley of Vision; Kir shouting, and Shoa at the mount. (Prophets ISA.22.5, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: For it is a day of trouble, and of trampling, and of perplexity, from the Lord, the GOD of hosts, in the Valley of Vision; Kir shouting, and Shoa at the mount.

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	ADP	_	5 day	case
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 day	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 day	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 trouble	case
7	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 day	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 trampling	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 trampling	cc
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 trampling	case
11	trampling	trampling	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 trouble	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 perplexity	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 perplexity	cc
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 perplexity	case
15	perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 day	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 Lord	punct
17	from	from	ADP	_	19 Lord	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Lord	det
19	Lord	Lord	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 perplexity	appos
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 GOD	punct
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 GOD	det
22	GOD	GOD	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 Lord	appos
23	of	of	ADP	_	24 hosts	case
24	hosts	host	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 GOD	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 Valley	punct
26	in	in	ADP	_	28 Valley	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 Valley	det
28	Valley	Valley	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 hosts	nmod
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 Vision	case
30	Vision	Vision	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 Valley	nmod
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 shouting	punct
32	Kir	Kir	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 shouting	nsubj
33	shouting	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 day	acl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 Shoa	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 Shoa	cc
36	Shoa	Shoa	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 shouting	obl
37	at	at	ADP	_	39 mount	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 mount	det
39	mount	mount	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 shouting	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 day	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	it				for a day and perplexity	of trouble and trampling	tree rules
2	shout speech: express	gerund	Kir	Shoa		the mount			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent day=Topic

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.22.5, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.22.5	ISA.22.5	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.22.5	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.22.5	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The best of them is as a brier; the most upright is worse than a thorn hedge; the day of thy watchmen, even thy visitation, is come; now shall be their perplexity. (Prophets MIC.7.4, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: The best of them is as a brier; the most upright is worse than a thorn hedge; the day of thy watchmen, even thy visitation, is come; now shall be their perplexity.

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 best	det
2	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 brier	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 them	case
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 best	obl
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 brier	cop
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 brier	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 brier	det
8	brier	brier	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 worse	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 upright	det
11	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 upright	amod
12	upright	upright	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 worse	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 worse	cop
14	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 brier	acl:relcl
15	than	than	ADP	_	18 hedge	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 hedge	det
17	thorn	thorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 hedge	compound
18	hedge	hedge	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 worse	obl
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 come	punct
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 day	det
21	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 come	obl:unmarked
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 watchmen	case
23	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	24 watchmen	nmod:poss
24	watchmen	watchman	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 day	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 visitation	punct
26	even	even	ADV	_	28 visitation	advmod
27	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	28 visitation	nmod:poss
28	visitation	visitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 watchmen	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 day	punct
30	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 come	aux:pass
31	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 brier	acl
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 perplexity	punct
33	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	37 perplexity	advmod
34	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	37 perplexity	aux
35	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	37 perplexity	cop
36	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 perplexity	nmod:poss
37	perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 come	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 brier	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the best			as a brier	tree rules
2	is	present	the most upright	a brier not said here		than a thorn hedge; bad property	tree rules
3	come	present · passive		a brier not said here	day		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»
4	is a	shall		watchmen's perplexity	now		tree rules
5	visit		thy				nom visitation «event transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets MIC.7.4, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	MIC.7.4	MIC.7.4	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 MIC.7.4	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 MIC.7.4	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

He stood in great perplexity, unable to work out the answer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stood	nsubj
2	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 perplexity	case
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 perplexity	amod
5	perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stood	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 unable	punct
7	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stood	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 work	mark
9	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 unable	xcomp
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 work	compound:prt
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 answer	det
12	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 work	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	He			great perplexity			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in perplexity=Location
2	work out	to-infinitive	He not said here	the answer					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic

Example 4

To her perplexity, the door would not open.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	ADP	_	3 perplexity	case
2	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 perplexity	nmod:poss
3	perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 open	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 perplexity	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 door	det
6	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 open	nsubj
7	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 open	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 open	advmod
9	open	open	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 open	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not open	would	the door		her perplexity				vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to perplexity=Recipient

Example 5

The puzzle caused him much perplexity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 puzzle	det
2	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	nsubj
3	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	iobj
5	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 perplexity	amod
6	perplexity	perplexity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 caused	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	past	the puzzle	much perplexity	him = he				vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Causer he=Theme perplexity=Eventuality

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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