rugged

Who acts: they, I, paths, rugged places, stream, He · What happens: rug, mean, weather, lift up, make, come · To what, where: appearance, valley, mountain, rugged, holes, all · Speech: someone speaks here

«rugged» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rugged in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Rugged means rough and uneven, with rocks or bumps: rugged ground.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rugged	rug	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rocks	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 uneven	cc
5	uneven	uneven	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rough	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 rocks	punct
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 rocks	case
8	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 means	parataxis
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 bumps	cc
10	bumps	bump	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 rocks	conj
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 ground	punct
12	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ground	amod
13	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rocks	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rug	participle							tree rules
2	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Rugged also means strong and weathered in appearance: a rugged face.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rugged	rug	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 means	nsubj
2	also	also	ADV	_	3 means	advmod
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 means	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 weathered	cc
6	weathered	weather	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 strong	conj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 appearance	case
8	appearance	appearance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 weathered	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 face	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 face	det
11	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 face	amod
12	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 means	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	other	roles by
1	rug	participle			tree rules
2	mean	present		strong property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	weather	participle	appearance		tree rules

Example 1

Every valley shall be lifted up, and every mountain and hill shall be made low; and the rugged shall be made level, and the rough places a plain; (Prophets ISA.40.4, JPS 1917)

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 valley	det
2	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lifted	nsubj
3	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 lifted	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 lifted	aux:pass
5	lifted	lift	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 lifted	compound:prt
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 made	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 made	cc
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 mountain	det
10	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 made	nsubj:pass
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 hill	cc
12	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mountain	conj
13	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 made	aux
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 made	aux:pass
15	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 lifted	conj
16	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 made	xcomp
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 made	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 made	cc
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 rugged	det
20	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 made	nsubj:pass
21	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 made	aux
22	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	23 made	aux:pass
23	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 lifted	conj
24	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 made	xcomp
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 places	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 places	cc
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 places	det
28	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 places	amod
29	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lifted	obl
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 plain	det
31	plain	plain	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 places	appos
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 lifted	punct
33	(	(	PUNCT	_	34 Prophets	punct
34	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lifted	nsubj:pass
35	ISA.40.4	ISA.40.4	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 Prophets	appos
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 JPS	punct
37	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 ISA.40.4	flat
38	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	35 ISA.40.4	flat
39	)	)	PUNCT	_	34 Prophets	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	lift up	shall · passive	every valley	the rough places obl	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	make	shall · passive	every mountain and hill	low property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
3	make	shall · passive	the rugged		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 2

And they shall come, and shall rest all of them in the rugged valleys, and in the holes of the rocks, and upon all thorns, and upon all brambles. (Prophets ISA.7.19, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And they shall come, and shall rest all of them in the rugged valleys, and in the holes of the rocks, and upon all thorns, and upon all brambles.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 come	cc
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 come	nsubj
3	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 come	aux
4	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 rest	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 rest	cc
7	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 rest	aux
8	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 come	conj
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 rest	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 them	case
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 all	nmod
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 valleys	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 valleys	det
14	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 valleys	amod
15	valleys	valley	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 rest	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 holes	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 holes	cc
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 holes	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 holes	det
20	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	obl
21	of	of	ADP	_	23 rocks	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 rocks	det
23	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 holes	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 thorns	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 thorns	cc
26	upon	upon	ADP	_	28 thorns	case
27	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	28 thorns	det
28	thorns	thorn	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 rocks	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 brambles	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 brambles	cc
31	upon	upon	ADP	_	33 brambles	case
32	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 brambles	det
33	brambles	bramble	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 rocks	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	shall	they			the holes of the rocks and all thorns and all brambles			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hole=Location
2	rest	shall	they not said here	all		the rugged valleys			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent all=Theme in valley=Location

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.7.19, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.7.19	ISA.7.19	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.7.19	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.7.19	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

And I will bring the blind by a way that they knew not, in paths that they knew not will I lead them; I will make darkness light before them, and rugged places plain. (Prophets ISA.42.16, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And I will bring the blind by a way that they knew not, in paths that they knew not will I lead them; I will make darkness light before them, and rugged places plain.

The tree, 34 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 bring	cc
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 bring	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 bring	aux
4	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 blind	det
6	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bring	obj
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 way	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 way	det
9	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bring	obl
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 knew	mark
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 knew	nsubj
12	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 bring	advcl
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 knew	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 paths	punct
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 paths	case
16	paths	path	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bring	obl
17	that	that	SCONJ	_	19 knew	mark
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 knew	nsubj
19	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 paths	acl:relcl
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 knew	advmod
21	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 lead	aux
22	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 lead	nsubj
23	lead	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 knew	ccomp
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 lead	obj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 make	punct
26	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 make	nsubj
27	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 make	aux
28	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 bring	parataxis
29	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 light	compound
30	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 make	obj
31	before	before	ADP	_	32 them	case
32	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 make	obl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 plain	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 plain	cc
35	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 places	amod
36	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 plain	nsubj
37	plain	plain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bring	advcl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bring	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	future	I	the blind	paths		by a way	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent blind=Theme
2	not know	past	they					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	not know	past	paths = path	paths not said here				tree rules
4	lead	future	I	paths = path				vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
5	make	future	I	darkness light		before paths = path		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Product
6	plain	present	rugged places					tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.42.16, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.42.16	ISA.42.16	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.42.16	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.42.16	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

They continued across the rugged heath.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 continued	nsubj
2	continued	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	across	across	ADP	_	6 heath	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heath	det
5	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 heath	amod
6	heath	heath	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 continued	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 continued	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	continue	past	They			the rugged heath			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across heath=Initial_Location

Example 5

The stream had sharp and rugged rocks.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stream	det
2	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rocks	amod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 rugged	cc
6	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sharp	conj
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the stream	sharp rocks					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Patient

Example 6

He had a rugged face lit by a smile.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 face	det
4	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 face	amod
5	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
6	lit	lit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 face	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 smile	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 smile	det
9	smile	smile	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lit	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	He	a rugged face					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient
2	lit	participle		a rugged face not said here				by a smile	tree rules

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rugged/