ruin Who acts: it, rain, ruin, old building, LORD, reason · What happens: ruin, mean, damage, spoil, be, leave · To what, where: something, it, picnic, town, money, grievous swarms · Speech: someone speaks here
«ruin» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ruin in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To ruin something means to damage or spoil it so badly that it is no good any more: rain ruined the picnic.
The tree, 22 words mark csubj obj mark xcomp cc conj obj advmod advmod mark nsubj cop det advcl advmod advmod punct nsubj conj det obj punct root To PART ruin VERB something PRON means VERB to PART damage VERB or CCONJ spoil VERB it PRON so ADV badly ADV that SCONJ it PRON is AUX no DET good ADJ any ADV more ADV : PUNCT rain NOUN ruined VERB the DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ruin mark 2 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ruin obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 damage mark 6 damage damage VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 spoil cc 8 spoil spoil VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 damage conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 spoil obj 10 so so ADV _ 11 badly advmod 11 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 8 spoil advmod 12 that that SCONJ _ 16 good mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 good nsubj 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 good cop 15 no no DET PronType=Neg 16 good det 16 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 spoil advcl 17 any any ADV _ 18 more advmod 18 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 8 spoil advmod 19 : : PUNCT _ 21 ruined punct 20 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 21 ruined nsubj 21 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 means conj 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 picnic det 23 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 21 ruined obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin to-infinitive something vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 damage not said to happen to-infinitive vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 spoil infinitive it badly property tree rules 5 is present it good property tree rules 6 ruin past rain the picnic vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A ruin is what is left of an old building that has fallen down, or the ruins of a town.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop aux:pass acl:relcl case det amod obl nsubj aux acl:relcl compound:prt punct cc det appos case det nmod punct root A DET ruin NOUN is AUX what PRON is AUX left VERB of ADP an DET old ADJ building NOUN that PRON has AUX fallen VERB down ADP , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET ruins NOUN of ADP a DET town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ruin det 2 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 4 what nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 what cop 4 what what PRON PronType=Int root root 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 left aux:pass 6 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 what acl:relcl 7 of of ADP _ 10 building case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 building det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 building amod 10 building building NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obl 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 fallen nsubj 12 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 fallen aux 13 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 10 building acl:relcl 14 down down ADP _ 13 fallen compound:prt 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 ruins punct 16 or or CCONJ _ 18 ruins cc 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 ruins det 18 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 4 what appos 19 of of ADP _ 21 town case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 town det 21 town town NOUN Number=Sing 18 ruins nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 what punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ruin tree rules 2 leave present · passive of a old building vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: of building=Initial_Location 3 fall down present · perfect a old building vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 ruin a town nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Ruin can mean losing all your money: the business faced ruin.
nsubj aux xcomp det:predet nmod:poss obj punct det compound amod obl punct root Ruin NOUN can AUX mean VERB losing VERB all DET your PRON money NOUN : PUNCT the DET business NOUN faced ADJ ruin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 losing lose VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 mean xcomp 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 money det:predet 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 money nmod:poss 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 losing obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 12 ruin punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 ruin det 10 business business NOUN Number=Sing 12 ruin compound 11 faced faced ADJ Degree=Pos 12 ruin amod 12 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 4 losing obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Ruin vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 lose not said to happen gerund Ruin not said here your money the business faced ruin obl vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Eventuality
Example 1 And the LORD did so; and there came grievous swarms of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses; and in all the land of Egypt the land was ruined by reason of the swarms of flies. (Torah EXO.8.24, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And the LORD did so; and there came grievous swarms of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses; and in all the land of Egypt the land was ruined by reason of the swarms of flies.
The tree, 41 words cc det nsubj advmod punct cc expl conj amod obj case nmod case det nmod case nmod punct cc case nmod:poss nmod:poss case obl punct cc case det:predet det obl case nmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case obl case det nmod case nmod punct root And CCONJ the DET LORD PROPN did VERB so ADV ; PUNCT and CCONJ there PRON came VERB grievous ADJ swarms NOUN of ADP flies NOUN into ADP the DET house NOUN of ADP Pharaoh PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ into ADP his PRON servants NOUN ' PART houses NOUN ; PUNCT and CCONJ in ADP all DET the DET land NOUN of ADP Egypt PROPN the DET land NOUN was AUX ruined VERB by ADP reason NOUN of ADP the DET swarms NOUN of ADP flies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 4 did cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 LORD det 3 LORD LORD PROPN Number=Sing 4 did nsubj 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 so so ADV _ 4 did advmod 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 came punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 came cc 8 there there PRON PronType=Dem 9 came expl 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 did conj 10 grievous grievous ADJ Degree=Pos 11 swarms amod 11 swarms swarm NOUN Number=Plur 9 came obj 12 of of ADP _ 13 flies case 13 flies fly NOUN Number=Plur 11 swarms nmod 14 into into ADP _ 16 house case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 house det 16 house house NOUN Number=Sing 13 flies nmod 17 of of ADP _ 18 Pharaoh case 18 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN Number=Sing 16 house nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 25 houses punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 25 houses cc 21 into into ADP _ 25 houses case 22 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 23 servants nmod:poss 23 servants servant NOUN Number=Plur 25 houses nmod:poss 24 ' 's PART _ 23 servants case 25 houses house NOUN Number=Plur 9 came obl 26 ; ; PUNCT _ 37 ruined punct 27 and and CCONJ _ 37 ruined cc 28 in in ADP _ 31 land case 29 all all DET PronType=Tot 31 land det:predet 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 land det 31 land land NOUN Number=Sing 37 ruined obl 32 of of ADP _ 33 Egypt case 33 Egypt Egypt PROPN Number=Sing 31 land nmod 34 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 35 land det 35 land land NOUN Number=Sing 37 ruined nsubj:pass 36 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 37 ruined aux:pass 37 ruined ruin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 did conj 38 by by ADP _ 39 reason case 39 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 37 ruined obl 40 of of ADP _ 42 swarms case 41 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 42 swarms det 42 swarms swarm NOUN Number=Plur 39 reason nmod 43 of of ADP _ 44 flies case 44 flies fly NOUN Number=Plur 42 swarms nmod 45 . . PUNCT _ 4 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past the LORD vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 come past the LORD not said here grievous swarms of flies into the house of Pharaoh LORD's servants's houses; there vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location swarm=Theme 3 ruin past · passive reason of the swarms of flies the land all land of Egypt vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.8.24, JPS 1917)
punct compound punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Torah PROPN EXO.8.24 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 EXO.8.24 punct 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 EXO.8.24 compound 3 EXO.8.24 EXO.8.24 PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 EXO.8.24 conj 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 JPS flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 EXO.8.24 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 O Israel, thy prophets have been like foxes in ruins. (Prophets EZK.13.4, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: O Israel, thy prophets have been like foxes in ruins.
discourse punct nmod:poss nsubj aux cop case conj case nmod punct root O INTJ Israel PROPN , PUNCT thy PRON prophets NOUN have AUX been AUX like ADP foxes NOUN in ADP ruins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 O o INTJ _ 2 Israel discourse 2 Israel Israel PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 9 foxes punct 4 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 5 prophets nmod:poss 5 prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur 9 foxes nsubj 6 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 foxes aux 7 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 9 foxes cop 8 like like ADP _ 9 foxes case 9 foxes fox NOUN Number=Plur 2 Israel conj 10 in in ADP _ 11 ruins case 11 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 9 foxes nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 Israel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present · perfect thy prophets ruins like foxes tree rules
Sentence 2: (Prophets EZK.13.4, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Prophets NOUN EZK.13.4 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct 2 Prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 EZK.13.4 EZK.13.4 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Prophets appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 EZK.13.4 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 EZK.13.4 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin. (Prophets ISA.24.12, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin.
The tree, 13 words case det obl aux:pass xcomp punct cc det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case obl punct root In ADP the DET city NOUN is AUX left VERB desolation NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET gate NOUN is AUX smitten VERB unto ADP ruin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 city case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 city det 3 city city NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obl 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 desolation desolation NOUN Number=Sing 5 left xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 smitten punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 12 smitten cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 gate det 10 gate gate NOUN Number=Sing 12 smitten nsubj:pass 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 smitten aux:pass 12 smitten smite VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 left conj 13 unto unto ADP _ 14 ruin case 14 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 12 smitten obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave present · passive desolation in the city result vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: in city=Result 2 smite present · passive the gate unto ruin vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.24.12, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Prophets NOUN ISA.24.12 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct 2 Prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ISA.24.12 ISA.24.12 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Prophets appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 ISA.24.12 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ISA.24.12 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 Surely Thou settest them in slippery places; Thou hurlest them down to utter ruin. (Writings PSA.73.18, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Surely Thou settest them in slippery places; Thou hurlest them down to utter ruin.
The tree, 14 words advmod nsubj obj case amod obl punct nsubj conj obj compound:prt case amod obl punct root Surely ADV Thou PRON settest VERB them PRON in ADP slippery ADJ places NOUN ; PUNCT Thou PRON hurlest VERB them PRON down ADP to ADP utter ADJ ruin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 3 settest advmod 2 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 3 settest nsubj 3 settest set VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 settest obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 places case 6 slippery slippery ADJ Degree=Pos 7 places amod 7 places place NOUN Number=Plur 3 settest obl 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 hurlest punct 9 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 10 hurlest nsubj 10 hurlest hurl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 settest conj 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hurlest obj 12 down down ADP _ 10 hurlest compound:prt 13 to to ADP _ 15 ruin case 14 utter utter ADJ Degree=Pos 15 ruin amod 15 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 10 hurlest obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 settest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set present Thou them = they slippery places surely property vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in place=Destination 2 hurl down present Thou places = place utter ruin vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme to ruin=Destination
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.73.18, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.73.18 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PSA.73.18 PSA.73.18 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PSA.73.18 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PSA.73.18 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 The rain ruined our picnic.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET rain NOUN ruined VERB our PRON picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rain det 2 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined nsubj 3 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 picnic nmod:poss 5 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin past the rain our picnic vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
Example 6 Don't tell me the ending — you'll ruin the book!
aux advmod iobj det obj punct nsubj aux conj det obj punct root Do AUX n't PART tell VERB me PRON the DET ending NOUN — PUNCT you PRON 'll AUX ruin VERB the DET book NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 tell aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 tell advmod 3 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 tell iobj 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ending det 6 ending ending NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obj 7 — - PUNCT _ 10 ruin punct 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 ruin nsubj 9 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 ruin aux 10 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 tell conj 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 book det 12 book book NOUN Number=Sing 10 ruin obj 13 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tell speech: assert imperative · do-support you not said here the ending me vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient ending=Topic 2 ruin future you the book vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient
Example 7 We explored the ruins of an old castle.
nsubj det obj case det amod nmod punct root We PRON explored VERB the DET ruins NOUN of ADP an DET old ADJ castle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 explored nsubj 2 explored explore VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ruins det 4 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 2 explored obj 5 of of ADP _ 8 castle case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 castle det 7 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 castle amod 8 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruins nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 explored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explore past We the ruins of a old castle vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent ruin=Location 2 ruin a old castle nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 8 The city was left in ruins after the earthquake.
det nsubj aux:pass case obl case det obl punct root The DET city NOUN was AUX left VERB in ADP ruins NOUN after ADP the DET earthquake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 city det 2 city city NOUN Number=Sing 4 left nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 left aux:pass 4 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 ruins case 6 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 4 left obl 7 after after ADP _ 9 earthquake case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 earthquake det 9 earthquake earthquake NOUN Number=Sing 4 left obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past · passive the city ruins after the earthquake vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in ruin=Location
Example 9 Spilling juice ruined my drawing.
amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Spilling VERB juice NOUN ruined VERB my PRON drawing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spilling spill VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 juice amod 2 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined nsubj 3 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 drawing nmod:poss 5 drawing drawing NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spill gerund vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 ruin past Spilling juice my drawing vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument drawing=Patient 3 draw my nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 10 Romans built the fort, and now only ruins remain.
nsubj det obj punct cc advmod advmod nsubj conj punct root Romans PROPN built VERB the DET fort NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ now ADV only ADV ruins NOUN remain VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Romans Roman PROPN Number=Plur 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 fort det 4 fort fort NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 remain punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 10 remain cc 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 10 remain advmod 8 only only ADV _ 9 ruins advmod 9 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 10 remain nsubj 10 remain remain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 built conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past Romans the fort vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fort=Product 2 remain present ruins now vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 11 Too much salt can ruin the soup.
advmod amod nsubj aux det obj punct root Too ADV much ADJ salt NOUN can AUX ruin VERB the DET soup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 salt amod 3 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 5 ruin nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 ruin aux 5 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 soup det 7 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 5 ruin obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 ruin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin can much salt the soup vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soup=Patient
Example 12 My little brother ruined the surprise by telling Mum.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det obj mark advcl iobj punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN ruined VERB the DET surprise NOUN by SCONJ telling VERB Mum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruined nsubj 4 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 surprise det 6 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruined obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 telling mark 8 telling tell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 ruined advcl 9 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 8 telling iobj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin past My little brother the surprise vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surprise=Patient 2 tell speech: assert gerund My little brother not said here Mum vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mum=Recipient
Example 13 "It's enough to ruin one's nerves.
punct nsubj cop mark advcl obj case conj punct root " PUNCT It PRON 's AUX enough ADJ to PART ruin VERB one PRON 's PART nerves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 enough punct 2 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 enough nsubj 3 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 enough cop 4 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 ruin mark 6 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 enough advcl 7 one one PRON Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 ruin obj 8 's 's PART _ 7 one case 9 nerves nerve NOUN Number=Plur 7 one conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 enough punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present It enough property tree rules 2 ruin in a quote to-infinitive one vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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