ruinous

Who acts: Ruinous, city, none, things, Writings, I · What happens: mean, fall, cause, take away, be, put · To what, where: great loss, Damascus, city, ruinous heap, hand, Writings · Speech: someone speaks here

«ruinous» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ruinous in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Ruinous means fallen to pieces, in ruins: a ruinous castle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ruinous	Ruinous	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 means	ccomp
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 pieces	case
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fallen	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ruins	punct
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 ruins	case
8	ruins	ruin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 pieces	conj
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 castle	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 castle	det
11	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 castle	amod
12	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Ruinous						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	fall	participle						to pieces and ruins	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to piece=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Ruinous also means causing great loss or damage, very costly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ruinous	Ruinous	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 means	nsubj
2	also	also	ADV	_	3 means	advmod
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	causing	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 means	xcomp
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 loss	amod
6	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 causing	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 damage	cc
8	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loss	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 costly	punct
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 costly	advmod
11	costly	costly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 loss	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Ruinous						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cause not said to happen	gerund	Ruinous not said here	great loss or damage					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition loss=Patient

Example 1

Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city, and it shall be a ruinous heap. (Prophets ISA.17.1, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city, and it shall be a ruinous heap.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	_	5 taken	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Behold	punct
3	Damascus	Damascus	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 taken	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 taken	aux:pass
5	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	away	away	ADV	_	5 taken	advmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 city	case
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 city	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 city	det
10	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 taken	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 heap	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 heap	cc
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 heap	nsubj
14	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 heap	aux
15	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 heap	cop
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 heap	det
17	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 heap	amod
18	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 taken	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 taken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	take away	present · passive		Damascus		away property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	gerund			a city		tree rules
3	is a	shall	city	a ruinous heap			tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.17.1, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.17.1	ISA.17.1	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.17.1	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.17.1	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Surely none shall put forth his hand to a ruinous heap, neither because of these things shall help come in one's calamity, (Writings JOB.30.24, JPS 1917)

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Surely	surely	ADV	_	4 put	advmod
2	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	4 put	nsubj
3	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 put	aux
4	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	forth	forth	ADV	_	4 put	advmod
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 hand	nmod:poss
7	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 put	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 heap	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 heap	det
10	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 heap	amod
11	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 put	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 help	punct
13	neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	19 help	cc:preconj
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	19 help	mark
15	of	of	ADP	_	14 because	fixed
16	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	17 things	det
17	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 help	nsubj
18	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 help	aux
19	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 put	parataxis
20	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 help	xcomp
21	in	in	ADP	_	24 calamity	case
22	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 calamity	nmod:poss
23	's	's	PART	_	22 one	case
24	calamity	calamity	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 come	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 Writings	punct
26	(	(	PUNCT	_	27 Writings	punct
27	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 help	obl
28	JOB.30.24	JOB.30.24	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 Writings	appos
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 JPS	punct
30	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 JOB.30.24	flat
31	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	28 JOB.30.24	flat
32	)	)	PUNCT	_	19 help	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	put	shall	none	his hand		to a ruinous heap; forth, surely property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal
2	help	shall	this things	Writings			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	come	infinitive	Writings not said here		one's calamity		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in calamity=Location

Example 3

Long ago I made it, in ancient times I fashioned it; now have I brought it to pass, yea, it is done; that fortified cities should be laid waste into ruinous heaps. (Prophets ISA.37.26, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Long ago I made it, in ancient times I fashioned it; now have I brought it to pass, yea, it is done; that fortified cities should be laid waste into ruinous heaps.

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 ago	advmod
2	ago	ago	ADV	_	4 made	advmod
3	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 made	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fashioned	punct
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 times	case
8	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 times	amod
9	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fashioned	obl
10	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 fashioned	nsubj
11	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 made	parataxis
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 fashioned	nsubj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 have	punct
14	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 have	advmod
15	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	conj
16	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 brought	nsubj
17	brought	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 have	ccomp
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 brought	obj
19	to	to	PART	_	20 pass	mark
20	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 brought	advcl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 done	punct
22	yea	yea	INTJ	_	26 done	discourse
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 yea	punct
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 done	nsubj:pass
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 done	aux:pass
26	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 pass	parataxis
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 laid	punct
28	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	30 cities	nsubj
29	fortified	fortify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	30 cities	amod
30	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 laid	nsubj:pass
31	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 laid	aux
32	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	33 laid	aux:pass
33	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 made	conj
34	waste	waste	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 laid	obj
35	into	into	ADP	_	37 heaps	case
36	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 heaps	amod
37	heaps	heap	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 laid	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	I	it			ago property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
2	have	present	I not said here			now		tree rules
3	bring	past	I	it				vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Theme
4	pass	to-infinitive	I not said here					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	do	present · passive		it				vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
6	fortify	participle						vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme
7	city		that					tree rules
8	lay	should · passive		fortified cities	ruinous heaps			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme waste=Destination

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.37.26, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.37.26	ISA.37.26	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.37.26	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.37.26	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

It was a ruinous old castle, haunted by spirits.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 castle	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 castle	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 castle	det
4	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 castle	amod
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 castle	amod
6	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 haunted	punct
8	haunted	haunt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 castle	acl
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 spirits	case
10	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 haunted	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 castle	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a ruinous old castle					tree rules
2	haunt	participle		a ruinous old castle not said here				by spirits	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Example 5

The balcony was in a very ruinous state.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 balcony	det
2	balcony	balcony	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 state	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 state	cop
4	in	in	ADP	_	8 state	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 state	det
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 ruinous	advmod
7	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 state	amod
8	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 state	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the balcony			a ruinous state			tree rules

Example 6

The repairs would be ruinous.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 repairs	det
2	repairs	repair	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ruinous	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 ruinous	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 ruinous	cop
5	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 ruinous	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	would	the repairs					ruinous property	tree rules

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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