abridged Who acts: teacher, This, I, class, abridged book · What happens: abridge, be, leave out, keep, mean, shorten · To what, where: book, parts, main story, way, long story, abridged version · Speech: someone speaks here
«abridged» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: abridged in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To abridge a book or story is to make it shorter by leaving parts out, while keeping the main story.
The tree, 20 words mark advcl det obj cc conj cop mark obj xcomp mark advcl obj compound:prt punct mark advcl det amod obj punct root To PART abridge VERB a DET book NOUN or CCONJ story NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON shorter ADJ by SCONJ leaving VERB parts NOUN out ADP , PUNCT while SCONJ keeping VERB the DET main ADJ story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 abridge mark 2 abridge abridge VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 book det 4 book book NOUN Number=Sing 2 abridge obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 story cc 6 story story NOUN Number=Sing 4 book conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 make cop 8 to to PART _ 9 make mark 9 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 make obj 11 shorter short ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 make xcomp 12 by by SCONJ _ 13 leaving mark 13 leaving leave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 shorter advcl 14 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 13 leaving obj 15 out out ADP _ 13 leaving compound:prt 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 keeping punct 17 while while SCONJ _ 18 keeping mark 18 keeping keep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 make advcl 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 story det 20 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 21 story amod 21 story story NOUN Number=Sing 18 keeping obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 9 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge to-infinitive a book or story vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent book=Patient 2 is present make, short property tree rules 3 leave out gerund parts vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme 4 keep gerund the main story vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Abridged means shortened in this way: an abridged version.
nsubj ccomp case det obl punct det amod conj punct root Abridged VERB means VERB shortened VERB in ADP this DET way NOUN : PUNCT an DET abridged VERB version NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Abridged abridge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 shortened shorten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 in in ADP _ 6 way case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 way det 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 shortened obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 10 version punct 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 version det 9 abridged abridge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 version amod 10 version version NOUN Number=Sing 6 way conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 shorten participle this way and a abridged version vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 abridge participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 The teacher abridged the long story for us.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root The DET teacher NOUN abridged VERB the DET long ADJ story NOUN for ADP us PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 abridged nsubj 3 abridged abridge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 story det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 6 story amod 6 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 abridged obj 7 for for ADP _ 8 us case 8 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 story nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 abridged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge past the teacher the long story for us vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent story=Patient
Example 2 This is an abridged version of the tale.
nsubj cop det amod case det nmod punct root This PRON is AUX an DET abridged VERB version NOUN of ADP the DET tale NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 version nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 version cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 version det 4 abridged abridge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 version amod 5 version version NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 tale case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 tale det 8 tale tale NOUN Number=Sing 5 version nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 version punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is a present This a abridged version of the tale tree rules
Example 3 I abridged the rules so the class could read them quickly.
nsubj det obj mark det nsubj aux advcl obj advmod punct root I PRON abridged VERB the DET rules NOUN so SCONJ the DET class NOUN could AUX read VERB them PRON quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 abridged nsubj 2 abridged abridge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 rules det 4 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 2 abridged obj 5 so so SCONJ _ 9 read mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 class det 7 class class NOUN Number=Sing 9 read nsubj 8 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 read aux 9 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 abridged advcl 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 read obj 11 quickly quickly ADV _ 9 read advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 abridged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge past I the rules vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rule=Patient 2 read could the class rules = rule quickly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic
Example 4 The abridged book is only forty pages long.
det amod nsubj cop advmod nummod obl:unmarked punct root The DET abridged VERB book NOUN is AUX only ADV forty NUM pages NOUN long ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 book det 2 abridged abridge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 book amod 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 8 long nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 long cop 5 only only ADV _ 6 forty advmod 6 forty forty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 pages nummod 7 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 8 long obl:unmarked 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 long punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abridge participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present the abridged book forty pages obl:unmarked ; long property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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