addiction Who acts: addiction, my, Smoking, He, his, Nicotine · What happens: be, keep, do, take, cause, mean · To what, where: strong need, something, harm, strong liking, help, addiction
«addiction» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: addiction in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An addiction is a strong need to keep doing or taking something, like drugs, alcohol, smoking or gambling, even when it causes harm.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj cop det amod mark acl xcomp cc conj obj punct case obj punct conj punct conj cc conj punct advmod advmod nsubj parataxis obj punct root An DET addiction NOUN is AUX a DET strong ADJ need NOUN to PART keep VERB doing VERB or CCONJ taking VERB something PRON , PUNCT like ADP drugs NOUN , PUNCT alcohol NOUN , PUNCT smoking NOUN or CCONJ gambling NOUN , PUNCT even ADV when ADV it PRON causes VERB harm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 addiction det 2 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 6 need nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 need cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 need det 5 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 6 need amod 6 need need NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 need acl 9 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 keep xcomp 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 taking cc 11 taking take VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 doing conj 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 taking obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 drugs punct 14 like like ADP _ 15 drugs case 15 drugs drug NOUN Number=Plur 11 taking obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 alcohol punct 17 alcohol alcohol NOUN Number=Sing 15 drugs conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 smoking punct 19 smoking smoking NOUN Number=Sing 15 drugs conj 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 gambling cc 21 gambling gambling NOUN Number=Sing 19 smoking conj 22 , , PUNCT _ 26 causes punct 23 even even ADV _ 26 causes advmod 24 when when ADV PronType=Int 26 causes advmod 25 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 causes nsubj 26 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 need parataxis 27 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 26 causes obj 28 . . PUNCT _ 6 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a addiction a strong need tree rules 2 keep to-infinitive tree rules 3 do gerund vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 take gerund something vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument something=Theme drug=Destination 5 cause present addiction harm vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
An addiction can jokingly mean a very strong liking.
det nsubj aux advmod det advmod amod obj punct root An DET addiction NOUN can AUX jokingly ADV mean VERB a DET very ADV strong ADJ liking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 addiction det 2 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 4 jokingly jokingly ADV _ 5 mean advmod 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 liking det 7 very very ADV _ 8 strong advmod 8 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 9 liking amod 9 liking liking NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can a addiction a strong liking jokingly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liking=Topic
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"my chocolate addiction".
punct nmod:poss compound punct punct root " PUNCT my PRON chocolate NOUN addiction NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 addiction punct 2 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 addiction nmod:poss 3 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 4 addiction compound 4 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 addiction punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 addiction punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 addict in a quote my nom addiction «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 Smoking can lead to addiction.
nsubj aux case obl punct root Smoking NOUN can AUX lead VERB to ADP addiction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smoking smoking NOUN Number=Sing 3 lead nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 lead aux 3 lead lead VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 addiction case 5 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 3 lead obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 lead punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead can Smoking to addiction vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to addiction=Patient
Example 2 He got help for his addiction to gambling.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl case nmod punct root He PRON got VERB help NOUN for ADP his PRON addiction NOUN to ADP gambling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 help help NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 addiction case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 addiction nmod:poss 6 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 7 to to ADP _ 8 gambling case 8 gambling gambling NOUN Number=Sing 6 addiction nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past He help for his addiction to gambling vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent help=Theme for addiction=Source 2 addict his = he to gambling nom addiction «state transitive»: poss=agent to=obl
Example 3 Nicotine in cigarettes causes addiction.
nsubj case nmod obj punct root Nicotine NOUN in ADP cigarettes NOUN causes VERB addiction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nicotine nicotine NOUN Number=Sing 4 causes nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 cigarettes case 3 cigarettes cigarette NOUN Number=Plur 1 Nicotine nmod 4 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 4 causes obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 causes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present Nicotine in cigarettes addiction vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition addiction=Patient
Example 4 Some games are designed to cause a kind of addiction.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl det obj case nmod punct root Some DET games NOUN are AUX designed VERB to PART cause VERB a DET kind NOUN of ADP addiction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 games det 2 games game NOUN Number=Plur 4 designed nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 designed aux:pass 4 designed design VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 cause mark 6 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 designed advcl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 kind det 8 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 6 cause obj 9 of of ADP _ 10 addiction case 10 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 8 kind nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 designed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 design present · passive some games vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result 2 cause to-infinitive a kind of addiction vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition kind=Patient
Example 5 Addiction is an illness, and people can recover.
nsubj cop det punct cc nsubj aux conj punct root Addiction NOUN is AUX an DET illness NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ people NOUN can AUX recover VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 4 illness nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 illness cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 illness det 4 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 recover punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 recover cc 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 recover nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 recover aux 9 recover recover VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 illness conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 illness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Addiction a illness tree rules 2 recover can people vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Her addiction to sweets is a family joke.
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod cop det compound punct root Her PRON addiction NOUN to ADP sweets NOUN is AUX a DET family NOUN joke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 addiction nmod:poss 2 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 8 joke nsubj 3 to to ADP _ 4 sweets case 4 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 2 addiction nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 joke cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 joke det 7 family family NOUN Number=Sing 8 joke compound 8 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 joke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Her addiction to sweets a family joke tree rules 2 addict Her = she to sweets nom addiction «state transitive»: poss=agent to=obl
Example 7 Doctors help people with addiction.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Doctors NOUN help VERB people NOUN with ADP addiction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Doctors doctor NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 help obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 addiction case 5 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 2 help obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Doctors people with addiction vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary with addiction=Theme
Example 8 Talk to an adult you trust if you are worried about someone's addiction.
The tree, 14 words case det obl nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj cop advcl case nmod:poss case obl punct root Talk VERB to ADP an DET adult NOUN you PRON trust VERB if SCONJ you PRON are AUX worried ADJ about ADP someone PRON 's PART addiction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Talk talk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 to to ADP _ 4 adult case 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 adult det 4 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 1 Talk obl 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 trust nsubj 6 trust trust VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 adult acl:relcl 7 if if SCONJ _ 10 worried mark 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 worried nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 worried cop 10 worried worried ADJ Degree=Pos 6 trust advcl 11 about about ADP _ 14 addiction case 12 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 addiction nmod:poss 13 's 's PART _ 12 someone case 14 addiction addiction NOUN Number=Sing 10 worried obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 1 Talk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk imperative you not said here to a adult vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to adult=Co-Agent 2 trust present you a adult not said here vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adult=Theme 3 is a condition, not said to happen present you about someone's addiction; worried property tree rules 4 addict someone nom addiction «state transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous addictednext → addictive↑ back to A in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/addiction/