asphalt Who acts: Asphalt, I, Workers · What happens: be, mix, use, make, mean, cover · To what, where: black sticky material, road surfaces, road, new road, knee, asphalt · Speech: someone speaks here
«asphalt» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: asphalt in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Asphalt is a black sticky material mixed with stones and used to make road surfaces and playgrounds.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop det amod amod acl case obl cc conj mark advcl compound obj cc conj punct root Asphalt NOUN is AUX a DET black ADJ sticky ADJ material NOUN mixed VERB with ADP stones NOUN and CCONJ used VERB to PART make VERB road NOUN surfaces NOUN and CCONJ playgrounds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 6 material nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 material cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 material det 4 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 6 material amod 5 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 6 material amod 6 material material NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 mixed mix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 material acl 8 with with ADP _ 9 stones case 9 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 7 mixed obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 used cc 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 mixed conj 12 to to PART _ 13 make mark 13 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 used advcl 14 road road NOUN Number=Sing 15 surfaces compound 15 surfaces surface NOUN Number=Plur 13 make obj 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 playgrounds cc 17 playgrounds playground NOUN Number=Plur 15 surfaces conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 material punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Asphalt a black sticky material tree rules 2 mix participle a black sticky material not said here with stones vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with stone=Co-Patient 3 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 make to-infinitive road surfaces and playgrounds vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset surface=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To asphalt means to cover a road or area with asphalt.
mark nsubj mark ccomp det obj cc conj case nmod punct root To PART asphalt NOUN means VERB to PART cover VERB a DET road NOUN or CCONJ area NOUN with ADP asphalt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 asphalt mark 2 asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 cover mark 5 cover cover VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 road det 7 road road NOUN Number=Sing 5 cover obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 area cc 9 area area NOUN Number=Sing 7 road conj 10 with with ADP _ 11 asphalt case 11 asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 7 road nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present asphalt vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 cover not said to happen to-infinitive a road or area with asphalt vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent road=Destination with asphalt=Theme
Example 1 The new road was covered with fresh asphalt.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET new ADJ road NOUN was AUX covered VERB with ADP fresh ADJ asphalt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 road det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 road amod 3 road road NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 asphalt case 7 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 8 asphalt amod 8 asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past · passive the new road with fresh asphalt vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with asphalt=Theme
Example 2 The asphalt felt hot under our bare feet.
det nsubj xcomp case nmod:poss amod obl punct root The DET asphalt NOUN felt VERB hot ADJ under ADP our PRON bare ADJ feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 asphalt det 2 asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 3 felt nsubj 3 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 3 felt xcomp 5 under under ADP _ 8 feet case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 feet nmod:poss 7 bare bare ADJ Degree=Pos 8 feet amod 8 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 4 hot obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past the asphalt hot property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 I fell over and scraped my knee on the asphalt.
nsubj advmod cc conj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root I PRON fell VERB over ADV and CCONJ scraped VERB my PRON knee NOUN on ADP the DET asphalt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 fell nsubj 2 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 over over ADV _ 2 fell advmod 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 scraped cc 5 scraped scrape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 fell conj 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 knee nmod:poss 7 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 5 scraped obj 8 on on ADP _ 10 asphalt case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 asphalt det 10 asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 5 scraped obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall over past I over property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 scrape past I not said here my knee the asphalt vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent knee=Theme on asphalt=Trajectory
Example 4 Workers asphalted the school car park.
nsubj det compound compound obj punct root Workers NOUN asphalted VERB the DET school NOUN car NOUN park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 2 asphalted nsubj 2 asphalted asphalt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 park det 4 school school NOUN Number=Sing 5 car compound 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 park compound 6 park park NOUN Number=Sing 2 asphalted obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 asphalted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 asphalt past Workers the car park vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent park=Destination
Example 5 Asphalt smells strong when it is being laid.
nsubj xcomp mark nsubj:pass aux:pass aux:pass advcl punct root Asphalt NOUN smells VERB strong ADJ when SCONJ it PRON is AUX being AUX laid VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Asphalt asphalt NOUN Number=Sing 2 smells nsubj 2 smells smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 2 smells xcomp 4 when when SCONJ _ 8 laid mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 laid nsubj:pass 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 laid aux:pass 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 laid aux:pass 8 laid lay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 smells advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 smells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell present Asphalt strong property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 lay present · passive Asphalt vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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