aspirate Who acts: aspirate, food, London speakers, b, doctor, Babies · What happens: aspirate, be, puff, say, hold, feel · To what, where: sound, hat, breath, h sound, air, something · Speech: someone speaks here
«aspirate» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: aspirate in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: speech — kept apart, not parsed.
To aspirate a sound is to say it with a puff of breath, like the «h» in «hat» or the «p» in «pin».
The tree, 23 words mark advcl det obj cop mark obj case det obl case nmod punct case det punct obl punct case punct obl punct cc det punct conj punct case punct nmod punct punct root To PART aspirate VERB a DET sound NOUN is AUX to PART say VERB it PRON with ADP a DET puff NOUN of ADP breath NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET « PUNCT h NOUN » PUNCT in ADP « PUNCT hat NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ the DET « PUNCT p NOUN » PUNCT in ADP « PUNCT pin NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 aspirate mark 2 aspirate aspirate VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 say advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sound det 4 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 2 aspirate obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 say cop 6 to to PART _ 7 say mark 7 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 say obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 puff case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 puff det 11 puff puff NOUN Number=Sing 7 say obl 12 of of ADP _ 13 breath case 13 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 11 puff nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 h punct 15 like like ADP _ 18 h case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 h det 17 « « PUNCT _ 18 h punct 18 h H NOUN Number=Sing 7 say obl 19 » » PUNCT _ 18 h punct 20 in in ADP _ 22 hat case 21 « « PUNCT _ 22 hat punct 22 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 7 say obl 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 hat punct 24 or or CCONJ _ 27 p cc 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 p det 26 « « PUNCT _ 27 p punct 27 p p NOUN Number=Sing 22 hat conj 28 » » PUNCT _ 27 p punct 29 in in ADP _ 31 pin case 30 « « PUNCT _ 31 pin punct 31 pin pin NOUN Number=Sing 27 p nmod 32 » » PUNCT _ 27 p punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 7 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate to-infinitive a sound tree rules 2 is present hat or the p in pin with a puff of breath; like the h; say property tree rules 3 puff breath nom puff «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: noun, phonetics — kept apart, not parsed.
An aspirate is an «h» sound or a sound said with a puff of air.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det punct compound punct cc det conj acl case det obl case nmod punct root An DET aspirate NOUN is AUX an DET « PUNCT h NOUN » PUNCT sound NOUN or CCONJ a DET sound NOUN said VERB with ADP a DET puff NOUN of ADP air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 aspirate det 2 aspirate aspirate NOUN Number=Sing 8 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 sound cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 sound det 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 h punct 6 h H NOUN Number=Sing 8 sound compound 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 h punct 8 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 sound cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 sound det 11 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 8 sound conj 12 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 sound acl 13 with with ADP _ 15 puff case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 puff det 15 puff puff NOUN Number=Sing 12 said obl 16 of of ADP _ 17 air case 17 air air NOUN Number=Sing 15 puff nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a aspirate a h sound or a sound tree rules 2 say speech: assert participle a sound not said here with a puff of air vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with puff=Manner 3 puff air nom puff «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.
To aspirate something is to suck it out with a tube or needle, such as fluid from the body.
The tree, 19 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj compound:prt case det obl cc conj punct case fixed conj case det nmod punct root To PART aspirate VERB something PRON is AUX to PART suck VERB it PRON out ADP with ADP a DET tube NOUN or CCONJ needle NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP fluid NOUN from ADP the DET body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 aspirate mark 2 aspirate aspirate VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 suck advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 aspirate obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 suck cop 5 to to PART _ 6 suck mark 6 suck suck VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 suck obj 8 out out ADP _ 6 suck compound:prt 9 with with ADP _ 11 tube case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 tube det 11 tube tube NOUN Number=Sing 6 suck obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 needle cc 13 needle needle NOUN Number=Sing 11 tube conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 fluid punct 15 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 17 fluid case 16 as as ADP _ 15 such fixed 17 fluid fluid NOUN Number=Sing 11 tube conj 18 from from ADP _ 20 body case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 body det 20 body body NOUN Number=Sing 17 fluid nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 suck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate to-infinitive something tree rules 2 is present with a tube or needle and fluid from the body; suck property tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.
To aspirate food or liquid is to breathe it into the lungs by accident.
The tree, 14 words mark nsubj cc conj cop mark ccomp obj case det obl case obl punct root To PART aspirate VERB food NOUN or CCONJ liquid NOUN is AUX to PART breathe VERB it PRON into ADP the DET lungs NOUN by ADP accident NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 aspirate mark 2 aspirate aspirate VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 8 breathe nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 liquid cc 5 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 3 food conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 breathe cop 7 to to PART _ 8 breathe mark 8 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 aspirate ccomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 breathe obj 10 into into ADP _ 12 lungs case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 lungs det 12 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 8 breathe obl 13 by by ADP _ 14 accident case 14 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 8 breathe obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 aspirate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present food or liquid the lungs by accident; breathe property tree rules
Example 1 In «pin», the «p» is aspirated; hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel the puff.
The tree, 18 words case punct obl punct punct det punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass punct conj nmod:poss obj case obl case nmod:poss nmod mark advcl det obj punct root In ADP « PUNCT pin NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT the DET « PUNCT p NOUN » PUNCT is AUX aspirated VERB ; PUNCT hold VERB your PRON hand NOUN in ADP front NOUN of ADP your PRON mouth NOUN to PART feel VERB the DET puff NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 pin case 2 « « PUNCT _ 3 pin punct 3 pin pin NOUN Number=Sing 11 aspirated obl 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 pin punct 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 p punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 p det 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 p punct 8 p p NOUN Number=Sing 11 aspirated nsubj:pass 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 p punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 aspirated aux:pass 11 aspirated aspirate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 hold punct 13 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 aspirated conj 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 hand nmod:poss 15 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 13 hold obj 16 in in ADP _ 17 front case 17 front front NOUN Number=Sing 13 hold obl 18 of of ADP _ 20 mouth case 19 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 20 mouth nmod:poss 20 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 17 front nmod 21 to to PART _ 22 feel mark 22 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 hold advcl 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 puff det 24 puff puff NOUN Number=Sing 22 feel obj 25 . . PUNCT _ 11 aspirated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate present · passive the p pin tree rules 2 hold infinitive your hand front of your mouth vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme in front=Location 3 feel to-infinitive the puff vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puff=Theme
Example 2 Some London speakers do not aspirate the «h» in «house».
The tree, 10 words det compound nsubj aux advmod det punct obj punct case punct obl punct punct root Some DET London PROPN speakers NOUN do AUX not PART aspirate VERB the DET « PUNCT h NOUN » PUNCT in ADP « PUNCT house NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 3 speakers det 2 London London PROPN Number=Sing 3 speakers compound 3 speakers speaker NOUN Number=Plur 6 aspirate nsubj 4 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 aspirate aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 aspirate advmod 6 aspirate aspirate VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 h det 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 h punct 9 h H NOUN Number=Sing 6 aspirate obj 10 » » PUNCT _ 6 aspirate punct 11 in in ADP _ 13 house case 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 house punct 13 house house NOUN Number=Sing 6 aspirate obl 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 house punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 aspirate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not aspirate present · do-support some London speakers the h house tree rules
Example 3 In Mandarin, «p» is aspirated and «b» is not.
The tree, 9 words case obl punct punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass cc punct nsubj punct conj advmod punct root In ADP Mandarin PROPN , PUNCT « PUNCT p NOUN » PUNCT is AUX aspirated VERB and CCONJ « PUNCT b NOUN » PUNCT is VERB not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Mandarin case 2 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 8 aspirated obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 p punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 p punct 5 p p NOUN Number=Sing 8 aspirated nsubj:pass 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 p punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 aspirated aux:pass 8 aspirated aspirate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 and and CCONJ _ 13 is cc 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 b punct 11 b B NOUN Number=Sing 13 is nsubj 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 b punct 13 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 aspirated conj 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 is advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 aspirated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate present · passive p Mandarin tree rules 2 not be present b vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The doctor aspirated fluid from the swollen knee.
det acl obj case det amod obl punct root The DET doctor NOUN aspirated VERB fluid NOUN from ADP the DET swollen ADJ knee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 aspirated aspirate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 doctor acl 4 fluid fluid NOUN Number=Sing 3 aspirated obj 5 from from ADP _ 8 knee case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 knee det 7 swollen swollen ADJ Degree=Pos 8 knee amod 8 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 3 aspirated obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 doctor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate participle the doctor not said here fluid the swollen knee tree rules
Example 5 Babies can aspirate milk if they are fed lying flat.
nsubj aux obj mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl xcomp advmod punct root Babies NOUN can AUX aspirate VERB milk NOUN if SCONJ they PRON are AUX fed VERB lying VERB flat ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Babies baby NOUN Number=Plur 3 aspirate nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 aspirate aux 3 aspirate aspirate VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 3 aspirate obj 5 if if SCONJ _ 8 fed mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 fed nsubj:pass 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 fed aux:pass 8 fed feed VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 aspirate advcl 9 lying lie VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 fed xcomp 10 flat flat ADV _ 9 lying advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 aspirate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aspirate can Babies milk tree rules 2 feed a condition, not said to happen present · passive Babies = baby tree rules 3 lie gerund flat property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Old grammar books call «h» an aspirate.
amod compound nsubj punct obj punct det xcomp punct root Old ADJ grammar NOUN books NOUN call VERB « PUNCT h NOUN » PUNCT an DET aspirate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 books amod 2 grammar grammar NOUN Number=Sing 3 books compound 3 books book NOUN Number=Plur 4 call nsubj 4 call call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 h punct 6 h H NOUN Number=Sing 4 call obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 h punct 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 aspirate det 9 aspirate aspirate NOUN Number=Sing 4 call xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 call punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present Old grammar books h vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent h=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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