beginning Who acts: beginning, Ben, 15 birds, Zoe, story, you · What happens: be, start, begin, have, read, get · To what, where: first part, something, ing form, many cards, beginning, 20 cents · Speech: someone speaks here
«beginning» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: beginning in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The beginning is the first part or the start of something.
det nsubj cop det amod cc det conj case nmod punct root The DET beginning NOUN is AUX the DET first ADJ part NOUN or CCONJ the DET start NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beginning det 2 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 6 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 part cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 part det 5 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 6 part amod 6 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 start cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 start det 9 start start NOUN Number=Sing 6 part conj 10 of of ADP _ 11 something case 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 start nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the beginning the first part or the start of something tree rules 2 start something nom start «event transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Beginning is also the -ing form of begin: «It is beginning to rain».
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop advmod det punct compound case nmod punct punct nsubj aux parataxis mark advcl punct punct root Beginning NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET - PUNCT ing NOUN form NOUN of ADP begin NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT It PRON is AUX beginning VERB to PART rain NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 7 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 form cop 3 also also ADV _ 7 form advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 form det 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 the punct 6 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 7 form compound 7 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 begin case 9 begin begin NOUN Number=Sing 7 form nmod 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 beginning punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 beginning punct 12 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 beginning nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 beginning aux 14 beginning begin VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 form parataxis 15 to to PART _ 16 rain mark 16 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 14 beginning advcl 17 » » PUNCT _ 14 beginning punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Beginning the ing form of begin tree rules 2 begin in a quote present · progressive Beginning vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 1 How many cards did Ben have in the beginning?
advmod amod obj aux nsubj case det obl punct root How ADV many ADJ cards NOUN did AUX Ben PROPN have VERB in ADP the DET beginning NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cards amod 3 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 6 have obj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 have aux 5 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 6 have nsubj 6 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 beginning case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 beginning det 9 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 6 have obl 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past · do-support Ben many cards in the beginning vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Patient
Example 2 In the beginning, there were 15 birds on the tree.
case det obl punct expl nummod nsubj case det nmod punct root In ADP the DET beginning NOUN , PUNCT there PRON were VERB 15 NUM birds NOUN on ADP the DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 beginning case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 beginning det 3 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 6 were obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 beginning punct 5 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 were expl 6 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 birds nummod 8 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 6 were nsubj 9 on on ADP _ 11 tree case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 tree det 11 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 8 birds nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past 15 birds on the tree there in the beginning vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in beginning=Location
Example 3 At the beginning of the day, Zoe had 20 cents.
case det obl case det nmod punct nsubj nummod obj punct root At ADP the DET beginning NOUN of ADP the DET day NOUN , PUNCT Zoe PROPN had VERB 20 NUM cents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 3 beginning case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 beginning det 3 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 9 had obl 4 of of ADP _ 6 day case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 beginning nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 beginning punct 8 Zoe Zoe PROPN Number=Sing 9 had nsubj 9 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 cents nummod 11 cents cent NOUN Number=Plur 9 had obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Zoe 20 cents at the beginning of the day vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cent=Patient 2 begin the day nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 Every story has a beginning, a middle and an end.
det nsubj det obj punct det conj cc det conj punct root Every DET story NOUN has VERB a DET beginning NOUN , PUNCT a DET middle NOUN and CCONJ an DET end NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 beginning det 5 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 middle punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 middle det 8 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 5 beginning conj 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 end cc 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 end det 11 end end NOUN Number=Sing 5 beginning conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present every story a beginning and a middle and a end vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beginning=Patient
Example 5 Read the book from beginning to end.
det obj mark advcl case obl punct root Read VERB the DET book NOUN from SCONJ beginning VERB to ADP end NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Read read VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 book det 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 1 Read obj 4 from from SCONJ _ 5 beginning mark 5 beginning begin VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Read advcl 6 to to ADP _ 7 end case 7 end end NOUN Number=Sing 5 beginning obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read imperative you not said here the book vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic 2 begin gerund you not said here to end vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 6 It is beginning to snow!
nsubj aux mark obj punct root It PRON is AUX beginning VERB to PART snow NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 beginning nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 beginning aux 3 beginning begin VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 5 snow mark 5 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 3 beginning obj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 beginning punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present · progressive It snow vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Eventuality
Example 7 At the beginning of the year, we got new books.
case det obl case det nmod punct nsubj amod obj punct root At ADP the DET beginning NOUN of ADP the DET year NOUN , PUNCT we PRON got VERB new ADJ books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 3 beginning case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 beginning det 3 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 9 got obl 4 of of ADP _ 6 year case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 year det 6 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 beginning nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 beginning punct 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 got nsubj 9 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 11 books amod 11 books book NOUN Number=Plur 9 got obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past we new books at the beginning of the year vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent book=Theme at beginning=Asset 2 begin the year nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 8 The beginning of the film was scary.
det nsubj case det nmod cop punct root The DET beginning NOUN of ADP the DET film NOUN was AUX scary ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beginning det 2 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 7 scary nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 film case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 film det 5 film film NOUN Number=Sing 2 beginning nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 scary cop 7 scary scary ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 scary punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the beginning of the film scary property tree rules 2 begin the film nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 9 The apples were beginning to roast.
det nsubj aux mark xcomp punct root The DET apples NOUN were AUX beginning VERB to PART roast VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 apples det 2 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 4 beginning nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 beginning aux 4 beginning begin VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 to to PART _ 6 roast mark 6 roast roast VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 beginning xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 beginning punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past · progressive the apples vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 roast to-infinitive the apples not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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