blackening Who acts: bad things, someone, things, sky, smoke, Bananas · What happens: become, make, damage, say, blacken, name · To what, where: something, good name, bad things, name, fruit, walls · Speech: someone speaks here
«blackening» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: blackening in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Becoming black or darker, or making something black or dark.
xcomp cc conj punct cc conj obj amod cc conj punct root Becoming VERB black ADJ or CCONJ darker ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ making VERB something PRON black ADJ or CCONJ dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Becoming become VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Becoming xcomp 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 darker cc 4 darker dark ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 black conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 making punct 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 making cc 7 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Becoming conj 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 making obj 9 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 8 something amod 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 dark cc 11 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 9 black conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Becoming punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become gerund black property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 make gerund something vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Damaging someone's good name by saying bad things about them (blackening their name).
The tree, 14 words nmod:poss case amod obj mark advcl amod obj case nmod punct acl nmod:poss obj punct punct root Damaging VERB someone PRON 's PART good ADJ name NOUN by SCONJ saying VERB bad ADJ things NOUN about ADP them PRON ( PUNCT blackening VERB their PRON name NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Damaging damage VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 name nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 someone case 4 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 name amod 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing 1 Damaging obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 saying mark 7 saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Damaging advcl 8 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 9 things amod 9 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 saying obj 10 about about ADP _ 11 them case 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 things nmod 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 blackening punct 13 blackening blacken VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 things acl 14 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 name nmod:poss 15 name name NOUN Number=Sing 13 blackening obj 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 blackening punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Damaging punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 damage gerund someone's good name vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient 2 say speech: assert gerund bad things about things = thing vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic 3 blacken gerund bad things not said here things's name vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent name=Patient 4 name someone nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent 5 name things = thing nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
The process or result of something going black, like burnt toast or rotting fruit.
The tree, 14 words det cc conj case nmod acl xcomp punct case amod conj cc conj obj punct root The DET process NOUN or CCONJ result NOUN of ADP something PRON going VERB black ADJ , PUNCT like ADP burnt ADJ toast NOUN or CCONJ rotting VERB fruit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 process det 2 process process NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 result cc 4 result result NOUN Number=Sing 2 process conj 5 of of ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 result nmod 7 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 something acl 8 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 7 going xcomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 toast punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 toast case 11 burnt burnt ADJ Degree=Pos 12 toast amod 12 toast toast NOUN Number=Sing 2 process conj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 rotting cc 14 rotting rot VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 toast conj 15 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 14 rotting obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 process punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go gerund black property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 rot gerund fruit tree rules 3 result something nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 The sky was blackening before the storm.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET sky NOUN was AUX blackening VERB before ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sky det 2 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 4 blackening nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 blackening aux 4 blackening blacken VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 before before ADP _ 7 storm case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 storm det 7 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 blackening obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 blackening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blacken past · progressive the sky before the storm vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 The smoke is blackening the walls.
det nsubj aux det obj punct root The DET smoke NOUN is AUX blackening VERB the DET walls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 smoke det 2 smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 4 blackening nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 blackening aux 4 blackening blacken VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 walls det 6 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 4 blackening obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 blackening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blacken present · progressive the smoke the walls vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wall=Patient
Example 3 Bananas start blackening in the fridge.
nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root Bananas NOUN start VERB blackening VERB in ADP the DET fridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 2 start nsubj 2 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 blackening blacken VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 start xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 6 fridge case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fridge det 6 fridge fridge NOUN Number=Sing 3 blackening obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Bananas vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 blacken gerund Bananas not said here the fridge vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 He was accused of blackening his rival's name.
nsubj aux:pass mark advcl nmod:poss nmod:poss case obj punct root He PRON was AUX accused VERB of SCONJ blackening VERB his PRON rival NOUN 's PART name NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 accused nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 accused aux:pass 3 accused accuse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 of of SCONJ _ 5 blackening mark 5 blackening blacken VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 accused advcl 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 rival nmod:poss 7 rival rival NOUN Number=Sing 9 name nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 rival case 9 name name NOUN Number=Sing 5 blackening obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 accused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accuse past · passive He vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme 2 blacken gerund his rival's name vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent name=Patient 3 name his rival nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 The chef was blackening the fish with spices.
det nsubj aux det obj case nmod punct root The DET chef NOUN was AUX blackening VERB the DET fish NOUN with ADP spices NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 chef det 2 chef chef NOUN Number=Sing 4 blackening nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 blackening aux 4 blackening blacken VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fish det 6 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 4 blackening obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 spices case 8 spices spice NOUN Number=Plur 6 fish nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 blackening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blacken past · progressive the chef the fish with spices vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent fish=Patient with spice=Instrument
Example 6 Frost caused blackening of the plant's leaves.
nsubj xcomp case det nmod:poss case obl punct root Frost NOUN caused VERB blackening VERB of ADP the DET plant NOUN 's PART leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Frost frost NOUN Number=Sing 2 caused nsubj 2 caused cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 blackening blacken VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 caused xcomp 4 of of ADP _ 8 leaves case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plant det 6 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 8 leaves nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 plant case 8 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 3 blackening obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause past Frost tree rules 2 blacken gerund Frost not said here of the plant's leaves vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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