breath Who acts: Breath, air, one time, you, I, He · What happens: be, go, breathe, mean, run, work · To what, where: air, one time, light movement, deep breath, breath, water · Speech: someone speaks here
«breath» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: breath in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Breath is the air that goes into and out of your lungs.
nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obl cc case case nmod:poss conj punct root Breath NOUN is AUX the DET air NOUN that PRON goes VERB into ADP and CCONJ out ADP of ADP your PRON lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 4 air nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 air cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 air det 4 air air NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 goes nsubj 6 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 air acl:relcl 7 into into ADP _ 6 goes obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 12 lungs cc 9 out out ADP _ 12 lungs case 10 of of ADP _ 12 lungs case 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 lungs nmod:poss 12 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 6 goes conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 air punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Breath the air tree rules 2 go present the air vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A breath is one time of breathing in and out.
det nsubj cop nummod mark acl advmod cc conj punct root A DET breath NOUN is AUX one NUM time NOUN of SCONJ breathing VERB in ADV and CCONJ out ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 breath det 2 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 5 time nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 time cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 time nummod 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of SCONJ _ 7 breathing mark 7 breathing breathe VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 time acl 8 in in ADV _ 7 breathing advmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 out cc 10 out out ADV _ 8 in conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 time punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a breath one time tree rules 2 breathe gerund one time not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 «Out of breath» means breathing fast because you ran or worked hard.
The tree, 12 words punct case case nsubj punct ccomp advmod mark nsubj advcl cc conj advmod punct root « PUNCT Out ADP of ADP breath NOUN » PUNCT means VERB breathing VERB fast ADV because SCONJ you PRON ran VERB or CCONJ worked VERB hard ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 breath punct 2 Out out ADP _ 4 breath case 3 of of ADP _ 4 breath case 4 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 breath punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 breathing breathe VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 means ccomp 8 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 7 breathing advmod 9 because because SCONJ _ 11 ran mark 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 ran nsubj 11 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 breathing advcl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 worked cc 13 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 ran conj 14 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 13 worked advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present breath vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 breathe gerund fast property vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 run past you vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 work past you not said here hard property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 A breath of wind is a light movement of air.
det nsubj case nmod cop det amod case nmod punct root A DET breath NOUN of ADP wind NOUN is AUX a DET light ADJ movement NOUN of ADP air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 breath det 2 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 8 movement nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 wind case 4 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 2 breath nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 movement cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 movement det 7 light light ADJ Degree=Pos 8 movement amod 8 movement movement NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 air case 10 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 movement nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 movement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a breath of wind a light movement of air tree rules
Example 1 Take a deep breath and count to five.
det amod obj cc conj case obl punct root Take VERB a DET deep ADJ breath NOUN and CCONJ count VERB to ADP five NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 breath det 3 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 4 breath amod 4 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 count cc 6 count count VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Take conj 7 to to ADP _ 8 five case 8 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 count obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here a deep breath vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme 2 count infinitive you not said here to five vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to five=Experiencer
Example 2 I was out of breath after the race.
nsubj cop case case case det nmod punct root I PRON was AUX out ADP of ADP breath NOUN after ADP the DET race NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 breath nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 breath cop 3 out out ADP _ 5 breath case 4 of of ADP _ 5 breath case 5 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 after after ADP _ 8 race case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 race det 8 race race NOUN Number=Sing 5 breath nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 breath punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past I breath after the race tree rules
Example 3 Hold your breath under the water.
nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Hold VERB your PRON breath NOUN under ADP the DET water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 breath nmod:poss 3 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 1 Hold obj 4 under under ADP _ 6 water case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 water det 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Hold obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold imperative you not said here your breath the water vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent breath=Theme under water=Location
Example 4 You can see your breath when it's cold.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj mark nsubj cop advcl punct root You PRON can AUX see VERB your PRON breath NOUN when SCONJ it PRON 's AUX cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 breath nmod:poss 5 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 3 see obj 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 cold mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 cold nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 cold cop 9 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 3 see advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see can You your breath vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer breath=Stimulus 2 is present breath cold property tree rules
Example 5 He said something under his breath.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root He PRON said VERB something PRON under ADP his PRON breath NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 said obj 4 under under ADP _ 6 breath case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 breath nmod:poss 6 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 3 something nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past He something his breath vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic
Example 6 Stop and catch your breath.
cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Stop VERB and CCONJ catch VERB your PRON breath NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 catch cc 3 catch catch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Stop conj 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 breath nmod:poss 5 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 3 catch obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 catch infinitive you not said here your breath vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme
Example 7 Brush your teeth for fresh breath.
nmod:poss obj case amod obl punct root Brush VERB your PRON teeth NOUN for ADP fresh ADJ breath NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Brush brush VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 teeth nmod:poss 3 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 1 Brush obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 breath case 5 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 6 breath amod 6 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 1 Brush obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Brush punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 brush imperative you not said here your teeth for fresh breath vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme
Example 8 The new teacher was a breath of fresh air.
det amod nsubj cop det case amod nmod punct root The DET new ADJ teacher NOUN was AUX a DET breath NOUN of ADP fresh ADJ air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 teacher det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 teacher amod 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 6 breath nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 breath cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 breath det 6 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 air case 8 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 9 air amod 9 air air NOUN Number=Sing 6 breath nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 breath punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the new teacher a breath of fresh air tree rules
Example 9 On the hilltop he paused for breath.
case det obl nsubj case obl punct root On ADP the DET hilltop NOUN he PRON paused VERB for ADP breath NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 3 hilltop case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hilltop det 3 hilltop hilltop NOUN Number=Sing 5 paused obl 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 paused nsubj 5 paused pause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 breath case 7 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 5 paused obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 paused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pause past he the hilltop for breath vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hilltop=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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