bulwark
Who acts: Trojans, Hector, waves, rocky cliff · What happens: raise, lose, die, crash, be · To what, where: great bulwark, castle bulwarks, bulwark
«bulwark» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bulwark in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A wall or strong defence against attack.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 wall | det |
| 2 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 defence | cc |
| 4 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 defence | amod |
| 5 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wall | conj |
| 6 | against | against | ADP | _ | 7 attack | case |
| 7 | attack | attack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 defence | nmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 wall | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2
The raised side of a ship above the deck.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 side | det |
| 2 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 side | amod |
| 3 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 ship | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ship | det |
| 6 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 side | nmod |
| 7 | above | above | ADP | _ | 9 deck | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 deck | det |
| 9 | deck | deck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ship | nmod |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 side | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | raise | participle | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Example 1
After Hector's death, the Trojans lost their great bulwark.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 4 death | case |
| 2 | Hector | Hector | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 death | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Hector | case |
| 4 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lost | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 death | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Trojans | det |
| 7 | Trojans | Trojan | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 lost | nsubj |
| 8 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 bulwark | nmod:poss |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 bulwark | amod |
| 11 | bulwark | bulwark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lost | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 lost | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past | the Trojans | Trojans's great bulwark | after Hector's death | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bulwark=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | die | Hector | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
Example 2
The waves crashed against the castle bulwarks.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 waves | det |
| 2 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 crashed | nsubj |
| 3 | crashed | crash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | against | against | ADP | _ | 7 bulwarks | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bulwarks | det |
| 6 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bulwarks | compound |
| 7 | bulwarks | bulwark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 crashed | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 crashed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crash | past | the waves | the castle bulwarks | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against bulwark=Location |
Example 3
The rocky cliff was a bulwark against the sea.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 cliff | det |
| 2 | rocky | rocky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 cliff | amod |
| 3 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bulwark | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 bulwark | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 bulwark | det |
| 6 | bulwark | bulwark | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | against | against | ADP | _ | 9 sea | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sea | det |
| 9 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bulwark | nmod |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 bulwark | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the rocky cliff | a bulwark | against the sea | tree rules |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/bulwark/