bump Who acts: bump, I, He, you, We, bus · What happens: raise, be, hit, bump, have, slow down · To what, where: raised round part, surface, swelling, body, you, something
«bump» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bump in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bump is a raised round part on a surface, like a bump in a road.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case det nmod punct case det conj case det nmod punct root A DET bump NOUN is AUX a DET raised VERB round ADJ part NOUN on ADP a DET surface NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET bump NOUN in ADP a DET road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bump det 2 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 part cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 part det 5 raised raise VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 part amod 6 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 7 part amod 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 on on ADP _ 10 surface case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 surface det 10 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 bump punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 bump case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 bump det 14 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 7 part conj 15 in in ADP _ 17 road case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 road det 17 road road NOUN Number=Sing 14 bump nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 raise participle vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a bump a raised round part and a bump in a road a surface tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A bump is a swelling on your body where you have been hit.
det nsubj cop det case nmod:poss nmod advmod nsubj aux aux:pass acl:relcl punct root A DET bump NOUN is AUX a DET swelling NOUN on ADP your PRON body NOUN where ADV you PRON have AUX been AUX hit VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bump det 2 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 5 swelling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 swelling cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 swelling det 5 swelling swelling NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 body case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 body nmod:poss 8 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 swelling nmod 9 where where ADV PronType=Rel 13 hit advmod 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 hit nsubj 11 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 hit aux 12 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 13 hit aux:pass 13 hit hit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 body acl:relcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 swelling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bump a swelling your body tree rules 2 hit present · perfect · passive you vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme
Meaning 3 To bump into something is to hit it by accident.
mark advcl case obl cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART bump VERB into ADP something PRON is AUX to PART hit VERB it PRON by ADP accident NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bump mark 2 bump bump VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 hit advcl 3 into into ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 bump obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hit cop 6 to to PART _ 7 hit mark 7 hit hit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 hit obj 9 by by ADP _ 10 accident case 10 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 7 hit obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump to-infinitive something vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into something=Location 2 is present by accident; hit property tree rules
Meaning 4 To bump into someone is to meet them by chance.
mark advcl case obl cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART bump VERB into ADP someone PRON is AUX to PART meet VERB them PRON by ADP chance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bump mark 2 bump bump VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 meet advcl 3 into into ADP _ 4 someone case 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 bump obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 meet cop 6 to to PART _ 7 meet mark 7 meet meet VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 meet obj 9 by by ADP _ 10 chance case 10 chance chance NOUN Number=Sing 7 meet obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 meet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump to-infinitive someone vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into someone=Location 2 is present by chance; meet property tree rules
Meaning 5 A bump is a dull sound of something hitting something.
det nsubj cop det amod case nmod acl obj punct root A DET bump NOUN is AUX a DET dull ADJ sound NOUN of ADP something PRON hitting VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bump det 2 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sound cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sound det 5 dull dull ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sound amod 6 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 sound nmod 9 hitting hit VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 something acl 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 hitting obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bump a dull sound of something tree rules 2 hit gerund something vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme
Example 1 I bumped my head on the cupboard.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root I PRON bumped VERB my PRON head NOUN on ADP the DET cupboard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 bumped nsubj 2 bumped bump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 head nmod:poss 4 head head NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 cupboard case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cupboard det 7 cupboard cupboard NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 bumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump past I my head on the cupboard vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent head=Instrument on cupboard=Patient
Example 2 He has a big bump on his knee.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root He PRON has VERB a DET big ADJ bump NOUN on ADP his PRON knee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bump det 4 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bump amod 5 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 knee case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 knee nmod:poss 8 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 5 bump nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present He a big bump his knee vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bump=Patient
Example 3 Slow down for the speed bump.
compound:prt case det compound obl punct root Slow VERB down ADP for ADP the DET speed NOUN bump NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Slow slow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 down down ADP _ 1 Slow compound:prt 3 for for ADP _ 6 bump case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bump det 5 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 6 bump compound 6 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 1 Slow obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Slow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 slow down imperative you not said here for the speed bump vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 I bumped into my teacher at the shop.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root I PRON bumped VERB into ADP my PRON teacher NOUN at ADP the DET shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 bumped nsubj 2 bumped bump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 into into ADP _ 5 teacher case 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 teacher nmod:poss 5 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped obl 6 at at ADP _ 8 shop case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 shop det 8 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 bumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump past I the shop into my teacher vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into teacher=Location
Example 5 We heard a bump upstairs.
nsubj det obj advmod punct root We PRON heard VERB a DET bump NOUN upstairs ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bump det 4 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 upstairs upstairs ADV _ 2 heard advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We a bump upstairs property vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bump=Stimulus
Example 6 The bus bumped along the country road.
det nsubj case det compound obl punct root The DET bus NOUN bumped VERB along ADP the DET country NOUN road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bus det 2 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 3 bumped nsubj 3 bumped bump VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 along along ADP _ 7 road case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 road det 6 country country NOUN Number=Sing 7 road compound 7 road road NOUN Number=Sing 3 bumped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 bumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump past the bus along the country road vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Careful not to bump the table.
advmod mark advcl det obj punct root Careful ADJ not PART to PART bump VERB the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bump advmod 3 to to PART _ 4 bump mark 4 bump bump VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Careful advcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 table det 6 table table NOUN Number=Sing 4 bump obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not bump to-infinitive the table vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Patient
Example 8 Do you see this little bump on his forehead?
aux nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Do AUX you PRON see VERB this DET little ADJ bump NOUN on ADP his PRON forehead NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 bump det 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bump amod 6 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 3 see obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 forehead case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 forehead nmod:poss 9 forehead forehead NOUN Number=Sing 6 bump nmod 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present · do-support you this little bump his forehead vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bump=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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