buttonhole Who acts: buttonhole, someone, them, She, coat, He · What happens: be, push, wear, make, listen, put · To what, where: small slit, coat, button, flower, slit, them
«buttonhole» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: buttonhole in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A buttonhole is a small slit in a coat or shirt through which a button is pushed.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod cc conj case obl det nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl punct root A DET buttonhole NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ slit NOUN in ADP a DET coat NOUN or CCONJ shirt NOUN through ADP which PRON a DET button NOUN is AUX pushed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 buttonhole det 2 buttonhole buttonhole NOUN Number=Sing 6 slit nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 slit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 slit det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 slit amod 6 slit slit NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 coat case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 coat det 9 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 6 slit nmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 shirt cc 11 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 9 coat conj 12 through through ADP _ 13 which case 13 which which PRON PronType=Rel 17 pushed obl 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 button det 15 button button NOUN Number=Sing 17 pushed nsubj:pass 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 pushed aux:pass 17 pushed push VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 coat acl:relcl 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 slit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a buttonhole a small slit a coat or shirt tree rules 2 push present · passive a button a coat or shirt vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme through which=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A buttonhole is a flower worn in the slit of a coat.
det nsubj cop det acl case det obl case det nmod punct root A DET buttonhole NOUN is AUX a DET flower NOUN worn VERB in ADP the DET slit NOUN of ADP a DET coat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 buttonhole det 2 buttonhole buttonhole NOUN Number=Sing 5 flower nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 flower cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 flower det 5 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 worn wear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 flower acl 7 in in ADP _ 9 slit case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 slit det 9 slit slit NOUN Number=Sing 6 worn obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 coat case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 coat det 12 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 9 slit nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 flower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a buttonhole a flower tree rules 2 wear participle a flower not said here the slit of a coat vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To buttonhole someone is to stop them and make them listen to you.
mark compound nsubj cop mark obj cc conj obj xcomp case obl punct root To PART buttonhole NOUN someone PRON is AUX to PART stop VERB them PRON and CCONJ make VERB them PRON listen VERB to ADP you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 buttonhole mark 2 buttonhole buttonhole NOUN Number=Sing 3 someone compound 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 stop nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stop cop 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 stop obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 make cc 9 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 stop conj 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 make obj 11 listen listen VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make xcomp 12 to to ADP _ 13 you case 13 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 listen obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present someone stop property tree rules 2 make infinitive someone not said here them = they tree rules 3 listen infinitive them = they not said here you vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to you=Theme
Example 1 She put a rose in her buttonhole.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON put VERB a DET rose NOUN in ADP her PRON buttonhole NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 put nsubj 2 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rose det 4 rose rose NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 buttonhole case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 buttonhole nmod:poss 7 buttonhole buttonhole NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past She a rose her buttonhole vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rose=Theme in buttonhole=Destination
Example 2 The coat had a neat buttonhole.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET coat NOUN had VERB a DET neat ADJ buttonhole NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coat det 2 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 buttonhole det 5 neat neat ADJ Degree=Pos 6 buttonhole amod 6 buttonhole buttonhole NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the coat a neat buttonhole vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buttonhole=Patient
Example 3 He buttonholed me to talk about his dog.
nsubj obj mark advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON buttonholed VERB me PRON to PART talk VERB about ADP his PRON dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 buttonholed nsubj 2 buttonholed buttonhole VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 buttonholed obj 4 to to PART _ 5 talk mark 5 talk talk VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 buttonholed advcl 6 about about ADP _ 8 dog case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 dog nmod:poss 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 5 talk obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 buttonholed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buttonhole past He me vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Destination 2 talk to-infinitive He not said here about his dog vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about dog=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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