carnival Who acts: carnival, ride, She, He, We, People · What happens: be, travel, cost, win, have, spend · To what, where: town, big street party, 3 tickets, 20 tickets, carnival, 500 visitors
«carnival» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: carnival in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A carnival is a fair with rides, games and food, often travelling from town to town.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det case obl punct conj cc conj punct advmod advcl case obl case obl punct root A DET carnival NOUN is AUX a DET fair ADJ with ADP rides NOUN , PUNCT games NOUN and CCONJ food NOUN , PUNCT often ADV travelling VERB from ADP town NOUN to ADP town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 carnival det 2 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 5 fair nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fair cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fair det 5 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 rides case 7 rides ride NOUN Number=Plur 5 fair obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 games punct 9 games game NOUN Number=Plur 7 rides conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 food cc 11 food food NOUN Number=Sing 7 rides conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 travelling punct 13 often often ADV _ 14 travelling advmod 14 travelling travel VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 fair advcl 15 from from ADP _ 16 town case 16 town town NOUN Number=Sing 14 travelling obl 17 to to ADP _ 18 town case 18 town town NOUN Number=Sing 14 travelling obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 fair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a carnival with rides and games and food; fair property tree rules 2 travel gerund a carnival not said here town to town; often property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to town=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A carnival is a big street party with music, dancing and costumes, like the carnival in Rio or the Notting Hill Carnival.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det amod compound case nmod punct conj cc conj punct case det conj case nmod cc det compound compound conj punct root A DET carnival NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ street NOUN party NOUN with ADP music NOUN , PUNCT dancing NOUN and CCONJ costumes NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET carnival NOUN in ADP Rio PROPN or CCONJ the DET Notting PROPN Hill PROPN Carnival PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 carnival det 2 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 7 party nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 party cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 party det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 party amod 6 street street NOUN Number=Sing 7 party compound 7 party party NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 9 music case 9 music music NOUN Number=Sing 7 party nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 dancing punct 11 dancing dancing NOUN Number=Sing 7 party conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 costumes cc 13 costumes costume NOUN Number=Plur 11 dancing conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 carnival punct 15 like like ADP _ 17 carnival case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 carnival det 17 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 7 party conj 18 in in ADP _ 19 Rio case 19 Rio Rio PROPN Number=Sing 17 carnival nmod 20 or or CCONJ _ 24 Carnival cc 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 Carnival det 22 Notting Notting PROPN Number=Sing 24 Carnival compound 23 Hill Hill PROPN Number=Sing 24 Carnival compound 24 Carnival Carnival PROPN Number=Sing 19 Rio conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 7 party punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a carnival a big street party and dancing and costumes and the carnival in Rio or the Notting Hill Carnival with music tree rules
Example 1 Each ride at the carnival costs 3 tickets.
det nsubj case det nmod nummod obj punct root Each DET ride NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN costs VERB 3 NUM tickets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 ride det 2 ride ride NOUN Number=Sing 6 costs nsubj 3 at at ADP _ 5 carnival case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 carnival det 5 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 ride nmod 6 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 tickets nummod 8 tickets ticket NOUN Number=Plur 6 costs obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present each ride at the carnival 3 tickets vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme ticket=Value
Example 2 She won 20 tickets at the carnival.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root She PRON won VERB 20 NUM tickets NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 won nsubj 2 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 tickets nummod 4 tickets ticket NOUN Number=Plur 2 won obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 carnival case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 carnival det 7 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past She 20 tickets the carnival vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme at carnival=Asset
Example 3 The carnival had 500 visitors.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET carnival NOUN had VERB 500 NUM visitors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 carnival det 2 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 500 500 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 visitors nummod 5 visitors visitor NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the carnival 500 visitors vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent visitor=Patient
Example 4 He spent 15 dollars at the carnival.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root He PRON spent VERB 15 NUM dollars NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 spent nsubj 2 spent spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 dollars nummod 4 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 spent obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 carnival case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 carnival det 7 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 spent obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 spent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend past He 15 dollars the carnival vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Asset
Example 5 We rode the Ferris wheel at the carnival.
nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root We PRON rode VERB the DET Ferris PROPN wheel NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 rode nsubj 2 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wheel det 4 Ferris Ferris PROPN Number=Sing 5 wheel compound 5 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 2 rode obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 carnival case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 carnival det 8 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 rode obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 rode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride past We the Ferris wheel the carnival vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme
Example 6 People danced in costumes at the carnival.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root People NOUN danced VERB in ADP costumes NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 danced nsubj 2 danced dance VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 costumes case 4 costumes costume NOUN Number=Plur 2 danced obl 5 at at ADP _ 7 carnival case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 carnival det 7 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 danced obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 danced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dance past People costumes at the carnival vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in costume=Location
Example 7 Our school carnival raises money for books.
nmod:poss compound nsubj obj case obl punct root Our PRON school NOUN carnival NOUN raises VERB money NOUN for ADP books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 carnival nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 carnival compound 3 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 4 raises nsubj 4 raises raise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 raises obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 books case 7 books book NOUN Number=Plur 4 raises obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 raises punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 raise present Our school carnival money for books vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme
Example 8 I won a goldfish at the carnival.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root I PRON won VERB a DET goldfish NOUN at ADP the DET carnival NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 won nsubj 2 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 goldfish det 4 goldfish goldfish NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 carnival case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 carnival det 7 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past I a goldfish the carnival vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent goldfish=Theme at carnival=Asset
Example 9 The carnival came to town for a week.
det nsubj case obl case det obl punct root The DET carnival NOUN came VERB to ADP town NOUN for ADP a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 carnival det 2 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 3 came nsubj 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 town case 5 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 6 for for ADP _ 8 week case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 week det 8 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the carnival town week vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to town=Initial_Location
Example 10 The swimming carnival is in March (Australia).
det compound nsubj cop case punct appos punct punct root The DET swimming NOUN carnival NOUN is AUX in ADP March PROPN ( PUNCT Australia PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 carnival det 2 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 3 carnival compound 3 carnival carnival NOUN Number=Sing 6 March nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 March cop 5 in in ADP _ 6 March case 6 March March PROPN Number=Sing root root 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 Australia punct 8 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 6 March appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 Australia punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 March punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the swimming carnival in March tree rules
Example 11 There appears little doubt that the modern Carnival is a survival of the ancient Saturnalia.
The tree, 15 words expl amod obj mark det amod nsubj cop det xcomp case det amod nmod punct root There PRON appears VERB little ADJ doubt NOUN that SCONJ the DET modern ADJ Carnival PROPN is AUX a DET survival NOUN of ADP the DET ancient ADJ Saturnalia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 appears expl 2 appears appear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 doubt amod 4 doubt doubt NOUN Number=Sing 2 appears obj 5 that that SCONJ _ 11 survival mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Carnival det 7 modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 8 Carnival amod 8 Carnival Carnival PROPN Number=Sing 11 survival nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 survival cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 survival det 11 survival survival NOUN Number=Sing 2 appears xcomp 12 of of ADP _ 15 Saturnalia case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 Saturnalia det 14 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 15 Saturnalia amod 15 Saturnalia Saturnalia PROPN Number=Sing 11 survival nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 appears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 appear present little doubt there vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location doubt=Theme 2 is a present the modern Carnival a survival of the ancient Saturnalia tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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