cartilaginous

Who acts: Sharks, ears, Rays, tip, Cartilaginous fish, We · What happens: make, find, have, be, bend, compare · To what, where: tough bendy tissue, ears, skeleton, cartilaginous fish, cartilaginous skeletons, swim bladder

«cartilaginous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cartilaginous in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Made of cartilage, the tough, bendy tissue found in your ears, nose and the ends of bones.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 cartilage	case
3	cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Made	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 tissue	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 tissue	det
6	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 tissue	amod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 tough	punct
8	bendy	bendy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 tissue	amod
9	tissue	tissue	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cartilage	appos
10	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 tissue	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 ears	case
12	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 ears	nmod:poss
13	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 found	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 nose	punct
15	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ears	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 ends	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 ends	det
18	ends	end	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 ears	conj
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 bones	case
20	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 ends	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle						of cartilage	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	find	participle		the tough bendy tissue not said here		your ears and nose and the ends of bones			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: of fish — kept apart, not parsed.

Having a skeleton made of cartilage instead of bone, like sharks and rays.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 bone	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 skeleton	det
3	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Having	obj
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 skeleton	acl
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 cartilage	case
6	cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
7	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	9 bone	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	7 instead	fixed
9	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 sharks	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	12 sharks	case
12	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bone	appos
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 rays	cc
14	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 sharks	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 bone	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	gerund		a skeleton					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skeleton=Patient
2	make	participle		a skeleton not said here				of cartilage	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Example 1

Sharks are cartilaginous fish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fish	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fish	cop
3	cartilaginous	cartilaginous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fish	amod
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 fish	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Sharks	cartilaginous fish					tree rules

Example 2

Your ears are cartilaginous, so they bend.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 ears	nmod:poss
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cartilaginous	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cartilaginous	cop
4	cartilaginous	cartilaginous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bend	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	8 bend	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 bend	nsubj
8	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cartilaginous	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cartilaginous	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Your ears					cartilaginous property	tree rules
2	bend	present	ears = ear						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

Rays and skates have cartilaginous skeletons.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 skates	cc
3	skates	skate	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Rays	conj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	cartilaginous	cartilaginous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 skeletons	amod
6	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Rays and skates	cartilaginous skeletons					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skeleton=Patient

Example 4

The tip of your nose is cartilaginous.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tip	det
2	tip	tip	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cartilaginous	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 nose	case
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 nose	nmod:poss
5	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tip	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cartilaginous	cop
7	cartilaginous	cartilaginous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 cartilaginous	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the tip of your nose					cartilaginous property	tree rules

Example 5

Cartilaginous fish have no swim bladder.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cartilaginous	Cartilaginous	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 fish	compound
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 bladder	det
5	swim	swim	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bladder	compound
6	bladder	bladder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Cartilaginous fish	no swim bladder					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bladder=Patient

Example 6

We compared cartilaginous fish with bony fish in class.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 compared	nsubj
2	compared	compare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cartilaginous	cartilaginous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fish	amod
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 compared	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 fish	case
6	bony	bony	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 fish	amod
7	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 compared	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 class	case
9	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 compared	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 compared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compare	past	We	cartilaginous fish		class		with bony fish	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent fish=Patient with fish=Co-Patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cartilaginous/