carve Who acts: Rivers, We, Grandpa, Dad, Someone, their · What happens: carve, be, make, cook, carve out, wear away · To what, where: shape, meat, slices, words, something, surface
«carve» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: carve in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To carve is to cut wood, stone, ice or another hard material carefully to make a shape or pattern.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj cop mark obj punct conj punct conj cc det amod conj advmod mark advcl det obj cc conj punct root To PART carve VERB is AUX to PART cut VERB wood NOUN , PUNCT stone NOUN , PUNCT ice NOUN or CCONJ another DET hard ADJ material NOUN carefully ADV to PART make VERB a DET shape NOUN or CCONJ pattern NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 carve mark 2 carve carve VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 cut csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 cut cop 4 to to PART _ 5 cut mark 5 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 5 cut obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 stone punct 8 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 6 wood conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 ice punct 10 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 6 wood conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 14 material cc 12 another another DET PronType=Ind 14 material det 13 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 14 material amod 14 material material NOUN Number=Sing 6 wood conj 15 carefully carefully ADV _ 5 cut advmod 16 to to PART _ 17 make mark 17 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 cut advcl 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 shape det 19 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 17 make obj 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 pattern cc 21 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 19 shape conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve to-infinitive vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present carefully, cut property tree rules 3 make to-infinitive a shape or pattern vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shape=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To carve meat is to cut cooked meat into slices.
mark advcl obj cop mark amod obj case obl punct root To PART carve VERB meat NOUN is AUX to PART cut VERB cooked VERB meat NOUN into ADP slices NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 carve mark 2 carve carve VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cut advcl 3 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 2 carve obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cut cop 5 to to PART _ 6 cut mark 6 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 cooked cook VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 meat amod 8 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 6 cut obj 9 into into ADP _ 10 slices case 10 slices slice NOUN Number=Plur 6 cut obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve to-infinitive meat vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme 2 is present slices cut property tree rules 3 cook participle vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To carve words or a picture into something is to cut them into its surface.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cc det conj case obl cop mark obj case nmod:poss obl punct root To PART carve VERB words NOUN or CCONJ a DET picture NOUN into ADP something PRON is AUX to PART cut VERB them PRON into ADP its PRON surface NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 carve mark 2 carve carve VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 cut advcl 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur 2 carve obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 picture cc 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 picture det 6 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 3 words conj 7 into into ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 carve obl 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 cut cop 10 to to PART _ 11 cut mark 11 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 cut obj 13 into into ADP _ 15 surface case 14 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 surface nmod:poss 15 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 11 cut obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve to-infinitive words or a picture something vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent word=Material into something=Product 2 is present picture's surface cut property tree rules
Meaning 4 To carve out something (a place, a career) is to make it for yourself with effort.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl compound:prt obj punct det appos punct det nmod punct cop mark obj case obl case obl punct root To PART carve VERB out ADP something PRON ( PUNCT a DET place NOUN , PUNCT a DET career NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON for ADP yourself PRON with ADP effort NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 carve mark 2 carve carve VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 make advcl 3 out out ADP _ 2 carve compound:prt 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 carve obj 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 place punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 place det 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 4 something appos 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 career punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 career det 10 career career NOUN Number=Sing 7 place nmod 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 place punct 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 make cop 13 to to PART _ 14 make mark 14 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 make obj 16 for for ADP _ 17 yourself case 17 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 14 make obl 18 with with ADP _ 19 effort case 19 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 14 make obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 14 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve out to-infinitive something vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present for yourself; with effort; make property tree rules
Meaning 5 Rivers and glaciers carve valleys by wearing away rock.
nsubj cc conj obj mark advcl advmod obj punct root Rivers NOUN and CCONJ glaciers NOUN carve VERB valleys NOUN by SCONJ wearing VERB away ADV rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 4 carve nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 glaciers cc 3 glaciers glacier NOUN Number=Plur 1 Rivers conj 4 carve carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 valleys valley NOUN Number=Plur 4 carve obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 wearing mark 7 wearing wear VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 carve advcl 8 away away ADV _ 7 wearing advmod 9 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 7 wearing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 carve punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve present Rivers and glaciers valleys vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valley=Theme 2 wear away gerund Rivers and glaciers not said here rock away property vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent rock=Source
Example 1 We carved faces into pumpkins for Halloween.
nsubj obj case obl case nmod punct root We PRON carved VERB faces NOUN into ADP pumpkins NOUN for ADP Halloween PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 faces face NOUN Number=Plur 2 carved obj 4 into into ADP _ 5 pumpkins case 5 pumpkins pumpkin NOUN Number=Plur 2 carved obl 6 for for ADP _ 7 Halloween case 7 Halloween Halloween PROPN Number=Sing 5 pumpkins nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past We faces pumpkins for Halloween vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent face=Material into pumpkin=Product
Example 2 Grandpa carved a little bird from wood.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root Grandpa PROPN carved VERB a DET little ADJ bird NOUN from ADP wood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bird det 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bird amod 5 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obj 6 from from ADP _ 7 wood case 7 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 5 bird nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past Grandpa a little bird wood vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent bird=Product from wood=Material
Example 3 Dad carved the turkey at Thanksgiving.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Dad NOUN carved VERB the DET turkey NOUN at ADP Thanksgiving PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 turkey det 4 turkey turkey NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 Thanksgiving case 6 Thanksgiving Thanksgiving PROPN Number=Sing 2 carved obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past Dad the turkey Thanksgiving vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turkey=Theme
Example 4 Someone carved their name into the tree.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Someone PRON carved VERB their PRON name NOUN into ADP the DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 name nmod:poss 4 name name NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 tree case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tree det 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past Someone their name the tree vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent name=Material into tree=Product 2 name their = they nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 The river carved a deep valley over millions of years.
det nsubj det amod obj case obl case nmod punct root The DET river NOUN carved VERB a DET deep ADJ valley NOUN over ADP millions NOUN of ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 river det 2 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 carved nsubj 3 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 valley det 5 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 6 valley amod 6 valley valley NOUN Number=Sing 3 carved obj 7 over over ADP _ 8 millions case 8 millions million NOUN Number=Plur 3 carved obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 years case 10 years year NOUN Number=Plur 8 millions nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past the river a deep valley millions of years vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valley=Theme
Example 6 The statue was carved from marble.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET statue NOUN was AUX carved VERB from ADP marble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 statue det 2 statue statue NOUN Number=Sing 4 carved nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 carved aux:pass 4 carved carve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 from from ADP _ 6 marble case 6 marble marble NOUN Number=Sing 4 carved obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past · passive the statue marble vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from marble=Material
Example 7 She carved out a place for herself in the team.
nsubj compound:prt det obj case nmod case det obl punct root She PRON carved VERB out ADP a DET place NOUN for ADP herself PRON in ADP the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 carved compound:prt 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 place det 5 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 herself case 7 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 place nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 team case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 team det 10 team team NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve out past She a place the team for herself = she vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent place=Theme in team=Destination
Example 8 Only adults should use sharp carving knives.
advmod nsubj aux amod amod obj punct root Only ADV adults NOUN should AUX use VERB sharp ADJ carving VERB knives NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 2 adults advmod 2 adults adult NOUN Number=Plur 4 use nsubj 3 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 use aux 4 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 7 knives amod 6 carving carve VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 knives amod 7 knives knife NOUN Number=Plur 4 use obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use should adults sharp carving knives vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knife=Patient 2 carve gerund vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 She saw the new altar with the painted pictures and the carved angels.
nsubj det amod obj case det amod obl cc det amod conj punct root She PRON saw VERB the DET new ADJ altar NOUN with ADP the DET painted VERB pictures NOUN and CCONJ the DET carved VERB angels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 altar det 4 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 altar amod 5 altar altar NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 6 with with ADP _ 9 pictures case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pictures det 8 painted paint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 pictures amod 9 pictures picture NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 13 angels cc 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 angels det 12 carved carve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 angels amod 13 angels angel NOUN Number=Plur 9 pictures conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past She the new altar with the painted pictures and the carved angels vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer altar=Stimulus 2 paint participle vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 carve participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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